This patch fixes [[SPARK-9180]](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-9180).
Users can now set the app name of spark-shell using `spark-shell --name "whatever"`.

Author: Kenichi Maehashi <webmaster@kenichimaehashi.com>

Closes #7512 from kmaehashi/fix-spark-shell-app-name and squashes the following commits:

e24991a [Kenichi Maehashi] use setIfMissing instead of setAppName
18aa4ad [Kenichi Maehashi] fix spark-shell to accept --name option

Reorganize code so that the launcher library handles most of the work
of printing usage messages, instead of having an awkward protocol between
the library and the scripts for that.

This mostly applies to SparkSubmit, since the launcher lib does not do
command line parsing for classes invoked in other ways, and thus cannot
handle failures for those. Most scripts end up going through SparkSubmit,
though, so it all works.

The change adds a new, internal command line switch, "--usage-error",
which prints the usage message and exits with a non-zero status. Scripts
can override the command printed in the usage message by setting an
environment variable - this avoids having to grep the output of
SparkSubmit to remove references to the "spark-submit" script.

The only sub-optimal part of the change is the special handling for the
spark-sql usage, which is now done in SparkSubmitArguments.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #5841 from vanzin/SPARK-6324 and squashes the following commits:

2821481 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-6324
bf139b5 [Marcelo Vanzin] Filter output of Spark SQL CLI help.
c6609bf [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix exit code never being used when printing usage messages.
6bc1b41 [Marcelo Vanzin] [SPARK-6324] [core] Centralize handling of script usage messages.

Added word-boundary delimiters so that embedded text such as "-h" within command line options and values doesn't trigger the usage script and exit.

Author: Chris Biow <chris.biow@10gen.com>

Closes #5816 from cbiow/patch-1 and squashes the following commits:

36b3726 [Chris Biow] Limit help option regex

This change encapsulates all the logic involved in launching a Spark job
into a small Java library that can be easily embedded into other applications.

The overall goal of this change is twofold, as described in the bug:

- Provide a public API for launching Spark processes. This is a common request
  from users and currently there's no good answer for it.

- Remove a lot of the duplicated code and other coupling that exists in the
  different parts of Spark that deal with launching processes.

A lot of the duplication was due to different code needed to build an
application's classpath (and the bootstrapper needed to run the driver in
certain situations), and also different code needed to parse spark-submit
command line options in different contexts. The change centralizes those
as much as possible so that all code paths can rely on the library for
handling those appropriately.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #3916 from vanzin/SPARK-4924 and squashes the following commits:

18c7e4d [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix make-distribution.sh.
2ce741f [Marcelo Vanzin] Add lots of quotes.
3b28a75 [Marcelo Vanzin] Update new pom.
a1b8af1 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
897141f [Marcelo Vanzin] Review feedback.
e2367d2 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
28cd35e [Marcelo Vanzin] Remove stale comment.
b1d86b0 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
00505f9 [Marcelo Vanzin] Add blurb about new API in the programming guide.
5f4ddcc [Marcelo Vanzin] Better usage messages.
92a9cfb [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix Win32 launcher, usage.
6184c07 [Marcelo Vanzin] Rename field.
4c19196 [Marcelo Vanzin] Update comment.
7e66c18 [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix pyspark tests.
0031a8e [Marcelo Vanzin] Review feedback.
c12d84b [Marcelo Vanzin] Review feedback. And fix spark-submit on Windows.
e2d4d71 [Marcelo Vanzin] Simplify some code used to launch pyspark.
43008a7 [Marcelo Vanzin] Don't make builder extend SparkLauncher.
b4d6912 [Marcelo Vanzin] Use spark-submit script in SparkLauncher.
28b1434 [Marcelo Vanzin] Add a comment.
304333a [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix propagation of properties file arg.
bb67b93 [Marcelo Vanzin] Remove unrelated Yarn change (that is also wrong).
8ec0243 [Marcelo Vanzin] Add missing newline.
95ddfa8 [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix handling of --help for spark-class command builder.
72da7ec [Marcelo Vanzin] Rename SparkClassLauncher.
62978e4 [Marcelo Vanzin] Minor cleanup of Windows code path.
9cd5b44 [Marcelo Vanzin] Make all non-public APIs package-private.
e4c80b6 [Marcelo Vanzin] Reorganize the code so that only SparkLauncher is public.
e50dc5e [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
de81da2 [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix CommandUtils.
86a87bf [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
2061967 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
46d46da [Marcelo Vanzin] Clean up a test and make it more future-proof.
b93692a [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
ad03c48 [Marcelo Vanzin] Revert "Fix a thread-safety issue in "local" mode."
0b509d0 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
23aa2a9 [Marcelo Vanzin] Read java-opts from conf dir, not spark home.
7cff919 [Marcelo Vanzin] Javadoc updates.
eae4d8e [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix new unit tests on Windows.
e570fb5 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
44cd5f7 [Marcelo Vanzin] Add package-info.java, clean up javadocs.
f7cacff [Marcelo Vanzin] Remove "launch Spark in new thread" feature.
7ed8859 [Marcelo Vanzin] Some more feedback.
54cd4fd [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
61919df [Marcelo Vanzin] Clean leftover debug statement.
aae5897 [Marcelo Vanzin] Use launcher classes instead of jars in non-release mode.
e584fc3 [Marcelo Vanzin] Rework command building a little bit.
525ef5b [Marcelo Vanzin] Rework Unix spark-class to handle argument with newlines.
8ac4e92 [Marcelo Vanzin] Minor test cleanup.
e946a99 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge PySparkLauncher into SparkSubmitCliLauncher.
c617539 [Marcelo Vanzin] Review feedback round 1.
fc6a3e2 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
f26556b [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix a thread-safety issue in "local" mode.
2f4e8b4 [Marcelo Vanzin] Changes needed to make this work with SPARK-4048.
799fc20 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
bb5d324 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
53faef1 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-4924
a7936ef [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix pyspark tests.
656374e [Marcelo Vanzin] Mima fixes.
4d511e7 [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix tools search code.
7a01e4a [Marcelo Vanzin] Fix pyspark on Yarn.
1b3f6e9 [Marcelo Vanzin] Call SparkSubmit from spark-class launcher for unknown classes.
25c5ae6 [Marcelo Vanzin] Centralize SparkSubmit command line parsing.
27be98a [Marcelo Vanzin] Modify Spark to use launcher lib.
6f70eea [Marcelo Vanzin] [SPARK-4924] Add a library for launching Spark jobs programatically.

Added equivalent module as utils.sh and modified spark-shell2.cmd to use it to parse options.

Now we can use application options.
  ex) `bin\spark-shell.cmd --master spark://master:7077 -i path\to\script.txt`

Author: Masayoshi TSUZUKI <tsudukim@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #3350 from tsudukim/feature/SPARK-3060 and squashes the following commits:

4551e56 [Masayoshi TSUZUKI] Modified too long line which defines the submission options to pass findstr command.
3a11361 [Masayoshi TSUZUKI] [SPARK-3060] spark-shell.cmd doesn't accept application options in Windows OS

Modified not to pollute environment variables.
Just moved the main logic into `XXX2.cmd` from `XXX.cmd`, and call `XXX2.cmd` with cmd command in `XXX.cmd`.
`pyspark.cmd` and `spark-class.cmd` are already using the same way, but `spark-shell.cmd`, `spark-submit.cmd` and `/python/docs/make.bat` are not.

Author: Masayoshi TSUZUKI <tsudukim@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #2797 from tsudukim/feature/SPARK-3943 and squashes the following commits:

b397a7d [Masayoshi TSUZUKI] [SPARK-3943] Some scripts bin\*.cmd pollutes environment variables in Windows

Modified the order of the options and arguments in spark-shell.cmd

Author: Masayoshi TSUZUKI <tsudukim@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #1918 from tsudukim/feature/SPARK-3006 and squashes the following commits:

8bba494 [Masayoshi TSUZUKI] [SPARK-3006] Failed to execute spark-shell in Windows OS
1a32410 [Masayoshi TSUZUKI] [SPARK-3006] Failed to execute spark-shell in Windows OS

JIRA issue: [SPARK-2410](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-2410)

Another try for #1399 & #1600. Those two PR breaks Jenkins builds because we made a separate profile `hive-thriftserver` in sub-project `assembly`, but the `hive-thriftserver` module is defined outside the `hive-thriftserver` profile. Thus every time a pull request that doesn't touch SQL code will also execute test suites defined in `hive-thriftserver`, but tests fail because related .class files are not included in the assembly jar.

In the most recent commit, module `hive-thriftserver` is moved into its own profile to fix this problem. All previous commits are squashed for clarity.

Author: Cheng Lian <lian.cs.zju@gmail.com>

Closes #1620 from liancheng/jdbc-with-maven-fix and squashes the following commits:

629988e [Cheng Lian] Moved hive-thriftserver module definition into its own profile
ec3c7a7 [Cheng Lian] Cherry picked the Hive Thrift server

This reverts commit f6ff2a61.

(This is a replacement of #1399, trying to fix potential `HiveThriftServer2` port collision between parallel builds. Please refer to [these comments](https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/1399#issuecomment-50212572) for details.)

JIRA issue: [SPARK-2410](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-2410)

Merging the Hive Thrift/JDBC server from [branch-1.0-jdbc](https://github.com/apache/spark/tree/branch-1.0-jdbc).

Thanks chenghao-intel for his initial contribution of the Spark SQL CLI.

Author: Cheng Lian <lian.cs.zju@gmail.com>

Closes #1600 from liancheng/jdbc and squashes the following commits:

ac4618b [Cheng Lian] Uses random port for HiveThriftServer2 to avoid collision with parallel builds
090beea [Cheng Lian] Revert changes related to SPARK-2678, decided to move them to another PR
21c6cf4 [Cheng Lian] Updated Spark SQL programming guide docs
fe0af31 [Cheng Lian] Reordered spark-submit options in spark-shell[.cmd]
199e3fb [Cheng Lian] Disabled MIMA for hive-thriftserver
1083e9d [Cheng Lian] Fixed failed test suites
7db82a1 [Cheng Lian] Fixed spark-submit application options handling logic
9cc0f06 [Cheng Lian] Starts beeline with spark-submit
cfcf461 [Cheng Lian] Updated documents and build scripts for the newly added hive-thriftserver profile
061880f [Cheng Lian] Addressed all comments by @pwendell
7755062 [Cheng Lian] Adapts test suites to spark-submit settings
40bafef [Cheng Lian] Fixed more license header issues
e214aab [Cheng Lian] Added missing license headers
b8905ba [Cheng Lian] Fixed minor issues in spark-sql and start-thriftserver.sh
f975d22 [Cheng Lian] Updated docs for Hive compatibility and Shark migration guide draft
3ad4e75 [Cheng Lian] Starts spark-sql shell with spark-submit
a5310d1 [Cheng Lian] Make HiveThriftServer2 play well with spark-submit
61f39f4 [Cheng Lian] Starts Hive Thrift server via spark-submit
2c4c539 [Cheng Lian] Cherry picked the Hive Thrift server

This reverts commit 06dc0d2c.

#1399 is making Jenkins fail.  We should investigate and put this back after its passing tests.

Author: Michael Armbrust <michael@databricks.com>

Closes #1594 from marmbrus/revertJDBC and squashes the following commits:

59748da [Michael Armbrust] Revert "[SPARK-2410][SQL] Merging Hive Thrift/JDBC server"

JIRA issue:

- Main: [SPARK-2410](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-2410)
- Related: [SPARK-2678](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-2678)

Cherry picked the Hive Thrift/JDBC server from [branch-1.0-jdbc](https://github.com/apache/spark/tree/branch-1.0-jdbc).

(Thanks chenghao-intel for his initial contribution of the Spark SQL CLI.)

TODO

- [x] Use `spark-submit` to launch the server, the CLI and beeline
- [x] Migration guideline draft for Shark users

----

Hit by a bug in `SparkSubmitArguments` while working on this PR: all application options that are recognized by `SparkSubmitArguments` are stolen as `SparkSubmit` options. For example:

```bash
$ spark-submit --class org.apache.hive.beeline.BeeLine spark-internal --help
```

This actually shows usage information of `SparkSubmit` rather than `BeeLine`.

~~Fixed this bug here since the `spark-internal` related stuff also touches `SparkSubmitArguments` and I'd like to avoid conflict.~~

**UPDATE** The bug mentioned above is now tracked by [SPARK-2678](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-2678). Decided to revert changes to this bug since it involves more subtle considerations and worth a separate PR.

Author: Cheng Lian <lian.cs.zju@gmail.com>

Closes #1399 from liancheng/thriftserver and squashes the following commits:

090beea [Cheng Lian] Revert changes related to SPARK-2678, decided to move them to another PR
21c6cf4 [Cheng Lian] Updated Spark SQL programming guide docs
fe0af31 [Cheng Lian] Reordered spark-submit options in spark-shell[.cmd]
199e3fb [Cheng Lian] Disabled MIMA for hive-thriftserver
1083e9d [Cheng Lian] Fixed failed test suites
7db82a1 [Cheng Lian] Fixed spark-submit application options handling logic
9cc0f06 [Cheng Lian] Starts beeline with spark-submit
cfcf461 [Cheng Lian] Updated documents and build scripts for the newly added hive-thriftserver profile
061880f [Cheng Lian] Addressed all comments by @pwendell
7755062 [Cheng Lian] Adapts test suites to spark-submit settings
40bafef [Cheng Lian] Fixed more license header issues
e214aab [Cheng Lian] Added missing license headers
b8905ba [Cheng Lian] Fixed minor issues in spark-sql and start-thriftserver.sh
f975d22 [Cheng Lian] Updated docs for Hive compatibility and Shark migration guide draft
3ad4e75 [Cheng Lian] Starts spark-sql shell with spark-submit
a5310d1 [Cheng Lian] Make HiveThriftServer2 play well with spark-submit
61f39f4 [Cheng Lian] Starts Hive Thrift server via spark-submit
2c4c539 [Cheng Lian] Cherry picked the Hive Thrift server

**Problem.** For `bin/pyspark`, there is currently no other way to specify Spark configuration properties other than through `SPARK_JAVA_OPTS` in `conf/spark-env.sh`. However, this mechanism is supposedly deprecated. Instead, it needs to pick up configurations explicitly specified in `conf/spark-defaults.conf`.

**Solution.** Have `bin/pyspark` invoke `bin/spark-submit`, like all of its counterparts in Scala land (i.e. `bin/spark-shell`, `bin/run-example`). This has the additional benefit of making the invocation of all the user facing Spark scripts consistent.

**Details.** `bin/pyspark` inherently handles two cases: (1) running python applications and (2) running the python shell. For (1), Spark submit already handles running python applications. For cases in which `bin/pyspark` is given a python file, we can simply call pass the file directly to Spark submit and let it handle the rest.

For case (2), `bin/pyspark` starts a python process as before, which launches the JVM as a sub-process. The existing code already provides a code path to do this. All we needed to change is to use `bin/spark-submit` instead of `spark-class` to launch the JVM. This requires modifications to Spark submit to handle the pyspark shell as a special case.

This has been tested locally (OSX and Windows 7), on a standalone cluster, and on a YARN cluster. Running IPython also works as before, except now it takes in Spark submit arguments too.

Author: Andrew Or <andrewor14@gmail.com>

Closes #799 from andrewor14/pyspark-submit and squashes the following commits:

bf37e36 [Andrew Or] Minor changes
01066fa [Andrew Or] bin/pyspark for Windows
c8cb3bf [Andrew Or] Handle perverse app names (with escaped quotes)
1866f85 [Andrew Or] Windows is not cooperating
456d844 [Andrew Or] Guard against shlex hanging if PYSPARK_SUBMIT_ARGS is not set
7eebda8 [Andrew Or] Merge branch 'master' of github.com:apache/spark into pyspark-submit
b7ba0d8 [Andrew Or] Address a few comments (minor)
06eb138 [Andrew Or] Use shlex instead of writing our own parser
05879fa [Andrew Or] Merge branch 'master' of github.com:apache/spark into pyspark-submit
a823661 [Andrew Or] Fix --die-on-broken-pipe not propagated properly
6fba412 [Andrew Or] Deal with quotes + address various comments
fe4c8a7 [Andrew Or] Update --help for bin/pyspark
afe47bf [Andrew Or] Fix spark shell
f04aaa4 [Andrew Or] Merge branch 'master' of github.com:apache/spark into pyspark-submit
a371d26 [Andrew Or] Route bin/pyspark through Spark submit

Tested on Windows 7.

Author: Andrew Or <andrewor14@gmail.com>

Closes #745 from andrewor14/windows-submit and squashes the following commits:

c0b58fb [Andrew Or] Allow spaces in parameters
162e54d [Andrew Or] Merge branch 'master' of github.com:apache/spark into windows-submit
91597ce [Andrew Or] Make spark-shell.cmd use spark-submit.cmd
af6fd29 [Andrew Or] Add spark submit for Windows

 JIRA SPARK-1029:https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1029

Signed-off-by: shane-huang <shengsheng.huang@intel.com>

Signed-off-by: shane-huang <shengsheng.huang@intel.com>