Remove spark-tag's compile-scope dependency (and, indirectly, spark-core's compile-scope transitive-dependency) on scalatest by splitting test-oriented tags into spark-tags' test JAR.

Alternative to #16303.

Author: Ryan Williams <ryan.blake.williams@gmail.com>

Closes #16311 from ryan-williams/tt.

(cherry picked from commit afd9bc1d)
Signed-off-by: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR aims to provide a pip installable PySpark package. This does a bunch of work to copy the jars over and package them with the Python code (to prevent challenges from trying to use different versions of the Python code with different versions of the JAR). It does not currently publish to PyPI but that is the natural follow up (SPARK-18129).

Done:
- pip installable on conda [manual tested]
- setup.py installed on a non-pip managed system (RHEL) with YARN [manual tested]
- Automated testing of this (virtualenv)
- packaging and signing with release-build*

Possible follow up work:
- release-build update to publish to PyPI (SPARK-18128)
- figure out who owns the pyspark package name on prod PyPI (is it someone with in the project or should we ask PyPI or should we choose a different name to publish with like ApachePySpark?)
- Windows support and or testing ( SPARK-18136 )
- investigate details of wheel caching and see if we can avoid cleaning the wheel cache during our test
- consider how we want to number our dev/snapshot versions

Explicitly out of scope:
- Using pip installed PySpark to start a standalone cluster
- Using pip installed PySpark for non-Python Spark programs

*I've done some work to test release-build locally but as a non-committer I've just done local testing.
## How was this patch tested?

Automated testing with virtualenv, manual testing with conda, a system wide install, and YARN integration.

release-build changes tested locally as a non-committer (no testing of upload artifacts to Apache staging websites)

Author: Holden Karau <holden@us.ibm.com>
Author: Juliet Hougland <juliet@cloudera.com>
Author: Juliet Hougland <not@myemail.com>

Closes #15659 from holdenk/SPARK-1267-pip-install-pyspark.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Allow user to set sparkr shell command through --conf spark.r.shell.command

## How was this patch tested?

Unit test is added and also verify it manually through
```
bin/sparkr --master yarn-client --conf spark.r.shell.command=/usr/local/bin/R
```

Author: Jeff Zhang <zjffdu@apache.org>

Closes #14744 from zjffdu/SPARK-17178.

Before this PR, user have to export environment variable to specify the python of driver & executor which is not so convenient for users. This PR is trying to allow user to specify python through configuration "--pyspark-driver-python" & "--pyspark-executor-python"

Manually test in local & yarn mode for pyspark-shell and pyspark batch mode.

Author: Jeff Zhang <zjffdu@apache.org>

Closes #13146 from zjffdu/SPARK-13081.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Adds a few public methods to `SparkLauncher` to allow configuring some extra features of the `ProcessBuilder`, including the working directory, output and error stream redirection.

## How was this patch tested?

Unit testing + simple Spark driver programs

Author: Andrew Duffy <root@aduffy.org>

Closes #14201 from andreweduffy/feature/launcher.

[SPARK-16535][BUILD] In pom.xml, remove groupId which is redundant definition and inherited from the parent

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-16535

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

When I scan through the pom.xml of sub projects, I found this warning as below and attached screenshot
```
Definition of groupId is redundant, because it's inherited from the parent
```
![screen shot 2016-07-13 at 3 13 11 pm](https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/3925641/16823121/744f893e-4916-11e6-8a52-042f83b9db4e.png)

I've tried to remove some of the lines with groupId definition, and the build on my local machine is still ok.
```
<groupId>org.apache.spark</groupId>
```
As I just find now `<maven.version>3.3.9</maven.version>` is being used in Spark 2.x, and Maven-3 supports versionless parent elements: Maven 3 will remove the need to specify the parent version in sub modules. THIS is great (in Maven 3.1).

ref: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3157240/maven-3-worth-it/3166762#3166762

## How was this patch tested?

I've tested by re-building the project, and build succeeded.

Author: Xin Ren <iamshrek@126.com>

Closes #14189 from keypointt/SPARK-16535.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
After SPARK-16476 (committed earlier today as #14128), we can finally bump the version number.

## How was this patch tested?
N/A

Author: Reynold Xin <rxin@databricks.com>

Closes #14130 from rxin/SPARK-16477.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

revived #13464

Fix Java Lint errors introduced by #13286 and #13280
Before:
```
Using `mvn` from path: /Users/pichu/Project/spark/build/apache-maven-3.3.9/bin/mvn
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=512M; support was removed in 8.0
Checkstyle checks failed at following occurrences:
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/launcher/LauncherServer.java:[340,5] (whitespace) FileTabCharacter: Line contains a tab character.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/launcher/LauncherServer.java:[341,5] (whitespace) FileTabCharacter: Line contains a tab character.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/launcher/LauncherServer.java:[342,5] (whitespace) FileTabCharacter: Line contains a tab character.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/launcher/LauncherServer.java:[343,5] (whitespace) FileTabCharacter: Line contains a tab character.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/OutputMode.java:[41,28] (naming) MethodName: Method name 'Append' must match pattern '^[a-z][a-z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_]*$'.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/streaming/OutputMode.java:[52,28] (naming) MethodName: Method name 'Complete' must match pattern '^[a-z][a-z0-9][a-zA-Z0-9_]*$'.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/parquet/SpecificParquetRecordReaderBase.java:[61,8] (imports) UnusedImports: Unused import - org.apache.parquet.schema.PrimitiveType.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/parquet/SpecificParquetRecordReaderBase.java:[62,8] (imports) UnusedImports: Unused import - org.apache.parquet.schema.Type.
```

## How was this patch tested?
ran `dev/lint-java` locally

Author: Sandeep Singh <sandeep@techaddict.me>

Closes #13559 from techaddict/minor-3.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This situation can happen when the LauncherConnection gets an exception while reading through the socket and terminating silently without notifying making the client/listener think that the job is still in previous state.
The fix force sends a notification to client that the job finished with unknown status and let client handle it accordingly.

## How was this patch tested?
Added a unit test.

Author: Subroto Sanyal <ssanyal@datameer.com>

Closes #13497 from subrotosanyal/SPARK-15652-handle-spark-submit-jvm-crash.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
--kill and --status were not considered while handling in OptionParser and due to that it was failing. Now handling the --kill and --status options as part of OptionParser.handle.

## How was this patch tested?
Added a test org.apache.spark.launcher.SparkSubmitCommandBuilderSuite.testCliKillAndStatus() and also I have verified these manually by running --kill and --status commands.

Author: Devaraj K <devaraj@apache.org>

Closes #13407 from devaraj-kavali/SPARK-15665.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
More than 100 chars in line.

## How was this patch tested?

Author: Sandeep Singh <sandeep@techaddict.me>

Closes #13249 from techaddict/fix-1.

(Please fill in changes proposed in this fix)
In 2.0, ./bin/spark-submit doesn't print out usage, but it raises an exception.
In this PR, an exception handling is added in the Main.java when the exception is thrown. In the handling code, if there is no additional argument, it prints out usage.

(Please explain how this patch was tested. E.g. unit tests, integration tests, manual tests)
Manually tested.
./bin/spark-submit
Usage: spark-submit [options] <app jar | python file> [app arguments]
Usage: spark-submit --kill [submission ID] --master [spark://...]
Usage: spark-submit --status [submission ID] --master [spark://...]
Usage: spark-submit run-example [options] example-class [example args]

Options:
  --master MASTER_URL         spark://host:port, mesos://host:port, yarn, or local.
  --deploy-mode DEPLOY_MODE   Whether to launch the driver program locally ("client") or
                              on one of the worker machines inside the cluster ("cluster")
                              (Default: client).
  --class CLASS_NAME          Your application's main class (for Java / Scala apps).
  --name NAME                 A name of your application.
  --jars JARS                 Comma-separated list of local jars to include on the driver
                              and executor classpaths.
  --packages                  Comma-separated list of maven coordinates of jars to include
                              on the driver and executor classpaths. Will search the local
                              maven repo, then maven central and any additional remote
                              repositories given by --repositories. The format for the
                              coordinates should be groupId:artifactId:version.

Author: wm624@hotmail.com <wm624@hotmail.com>

Closes #13163 from wangmiao1981/submit.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

(See https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/12416 where most of this was already reviewed and committed; this is just the module structure and move part. This change does not move the annotations into test scope, which was the apparently problem last time.)

Rename `spark-test-tags` -> `spark-tags`; move common annotations like `Since` to `spark-tags`

## How was this patch tested?

Jenkins tests.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #13074 from srowen/SPARK-15290.

Without this, the code would build an invalid spark-submit command line,
and a more cryptic error would be presented to the user. Also, expose
a constant that allows users to set a dummy resource in cases where
they don't need an actual resource file; for backwards compatibility,
that uses the same "spark-internal" resource that Spark itself uses.

Tested via unit tests, run-example, spark-shell, and running the
thrift server with mixed spark and hive command line arguments.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #12909 from vanzin/SPARK-11249.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Look for MaxPermSize arguments anywhere in an arg, to account for quoted args. See JIRA for discussion.

## How was this patch tested?

Jenkins tests

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #12985 from srowen/SPARK-15067.

There's actually a race here: the state of the handler was changed before
the connection was set, so the test code could be notified of the state
change, wake up, and still see the connection as null, triggering the assert.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #12785 from vanzin/SPARK-14391.

This reverts commit dae538a4.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR adds `since` tag into the matrix and vector classes in spark-mllib-local.

## How was this patch tested?

Scala-style checks passed.

Author: Pravin Gadakh <prgadakh@in.ibm.com>

Closes #12416 from pravingadakh/SPARK-14613.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Currently Spark clients are started with the same memory setting for Xms and Xms leading to reserving unnecessary higher amounts of memory.
This behavior is changed and the clients can now specify an initial heap size using the extraJavaOptions in the config for driver,executor and am individually.
 Note, that only -Xms can be provided through this config option, if the client wants to set the max size(-Xmx), this has to be done via the *.memory configuration knobs which are currently supported.

## How was this patch tested?

Monitored executor and yarn logs in debug mode to verify the commands through which they are being launched in client and cluster mode. The driver memory was verified locally using jps -v. Setting up -Xmx parameter in the javaExtraOptions raises exception with the info provided.

Author: Dhruve Ashar <dhruveashar@gmail.com>

Closes #12115 from dhruve/impr/SPARK-12384.

The current package name uses a dash, which is a little weird but seemed
to work. That is, until a new test tried to mock a class that references
one of those shaded types, and then things started failing.

Most changes are just noise to fix the logging configs.

For reference, SPARK-8815 also raised this issue, although at the time it
did not cause any issues in Spark, so it was not addressed.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #11941 from vanzin/SPARK-14134.

Most of the time tests should still pass really quickly; it's just
when machines are overloaded that the tests may take a little time,
but that's still preferable over just failing the test.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #12210 from vanzin/SPARK-14391.