https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1089

copied from JIRA, reported by @ash211

"Using the ADD_JARS environment variable with spark-shell used to add the jar to both the shell and the various workers. Now it only adds to the workers and importing a custom class in the shell is broken.
The workaround is to add custom jars to both ADD_JARS and SPARK_CLASSPATH.
We should fix ADD_JARS so it works properly again.
See various threads on the user list:
https://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/incubator-spark-user/201402.mbox/%3CCAJbo4neMLiTrnm1XbyqomWmp0m+EUcg4yE-txuRGSVKOb5KLeA@mail.gmail.com%3E
(another one that doesn't appear in the archives yet titled "ADD_JARS not working on 0.9")"

The reason of this bug is two-folds

in the current implementation of SparkILoop.scala, the settings.classpath is not set properly when the process() method is invoked

the weird behaviour of Scala 2.10, (I personally thought it is a bug)

if we simply set value of a PathSettings object (like settings.classpath), the isDefault is not set to true (this is a flag showing if the variable is modified), so it makes the PathResolver loads the default CLASSPATH environment variable value to calculated the path (see https://github.com/scala/scala/blob/2.10.x/src/compiler/scala/tools/util/PathResolver.scala#L215)

what we have to do is to manually make this flag set, (https://github.com/CodingCat/incubator-spark/blob/e3991d97ddc33e77645e4559b13bf78b9e68239a/repl/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/repl/SparkILoop.scala#L884)

Author: CodingCat <zhunansjtu@gmail.com>

Closes #13 from CodingCat/SPARK-1089 and squashes the following commits:

8af81e7 [CodingCat] impose non-null settings
9aa2125 [CodingCat] code cleaning
ce36676 [CodingCat] code cleaning
e045582 [CodingCat] fix the regression problem on ADD_JARS in 0.9

Author: Prashant Sharma <prashant.s@imaginea.com>

Closes #6 from ScrapCodes/SPARK-1121/avro-dep-fix and squashes the following commits:

9b29e34 [Prashant Sharma] Review feedback on PR
46ed2ad [Prashant Sharma] SPARK-1121-Only add avro if the build is for Hadoop 0.23.X and SPARK_YARN is set

If the seed is zero, XORShift generates all zeros, which would create unexpected result.

JIRA: https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1129

Author: Xiangrui Meng <meng@databricks.com>

Closes #645 from mengxr/xor and squashes the following commits:

1b086ab [Xiangrui Meng] use MurmurHash3 to set seed in XORShiftRandom
45c6f16 [Xiangrui Meng] minor style change
51f4050 [Xiangrui Meng] use a predefined seed when seed is zero in XORShiftRandom

ClusterScheduler was renamed to TaskSchedulerImpl; this commit
updates comments and tests accordingly.

Author: Kay Ousterhout <kayousterhout@gmail.com>

Closes #9 from kayousterhout/cluster_scheduler_death and squashes the following commits:

d6fd119 [Kay Ousterhout] Remove references to ClusterScheduler.

Author: Jyotiska NK <jyotiska123@gmail.com>

Closes #22 from jyotiska/pyspark_docs and squashes the following commits:

426136c [Jyotiska NK] Updated link for pyspark examples

PR [402](https://github.com/apache/incubator-spark/pull/402) from incubator repo.

Author: Prashant Sharma <prashant.s@imaginea.com>

Closes #19 from ScrapCodes/java-api-completeness and squashes the following commits:

11d0c2b [Prashant Sharma] Integer -> java.lang.Integer
737819a [Prashant Sharma] SPARK-1095 add explicit return types to APIs.
3ddc8bb [Prashant Sharma] Deprected *With functions in scala and added a few missing Java APIs

Author: Reynold Xin <rxin@apache.org>

Closes #1 from rxin/readme and squashes the following commits:

b3a77cd [Reynold Xin] Removed reference to incubation in README.md.

This surroungs the complete worker code in a try/except block so we catch any error that arrives. An example would be the depickling failing for some reason

@JoshRosen

Author: Bouke van der Bijl <boukevanderbijl@gmail.com>

Closes #644 from bouk/catch-depickling-errors and squashes the following commits:

f0f67cc [Bouke van der Bijl] Lol indentation
0e4d504 [Bouke van der Bijl] Surround the complete python worker with the try block

A recent PR that added Java vs Scala tabs for streaming also
inadvertently added some bad code to a document.ready handler, breaking
our other handler that manages scrolling to anchors correctly with the
floating top bar. As a result the section title ended up always being
hidden below the top bar. This removes the unnecessary JavaScript code.

Author: Matei Zaharia <matei@databricks.com>

Closes #3 from mateiz/doc-links and squashes the following commits:

e2a3488 [Matei Zaharia] SPARK-1135: fix broken anchors in docs

The aim of the Json4s project is to provide a common API for
Scala JSON libraries.  It is Apache-licensed, easier for
downstream distributions to package, and mostly API-compatible
with lift-json.  Furthermore, the Jackson-backed implementation
parses faster than lift-json on all but the smallest inputs.

Author: William Benton <willb@redhat.com>

Closes #582 from willb/json4s and squashes the following commits:

7ca62c4 [William Benton] Replace lift-json with json4s-jackson.

It looks this just requires taking out the checks.

I verified that, with the patch, I was able to run spark-shell through yarn without setting the environment variable.

Author: Sandy Ryza <sandy@cloudera.com>

Closes #553 from sryza/sandy-spark-1053 and squashes the following commits:

b037676 [Sandy Ryza] SPARK-1053.  Don't require SPARK_YARN_APP_JAR

Author: Raymond Liu <raymond.liu@intel.com>

Closes #611 from colorant/curator and squashes the following commits:

7556aa1 [Raymond Liu] Address review comments
af92e1f [Raymond Liu] Fix coding style
964f3c2 [Raymond Liu] Ignore NodeExists exception
6df2966 [Raymond Liu] Rewrite zookeeper client code with curator

Hi guys,

I'm following Joey and Ankur's suggestions to add collectEdges and pickRandomVertex. I'm also adding the tests for collectEdges and refactoring one method getCycleGraph in GraphOpsSuite.scala.

Thank you,

semih

Author: Semih Salihoglu <semihsalihoglu@gmail.com>

Closes #580 from semihsalihoglu/GraphPrimitives2 and squashes the following commits:

937d3ec [Semih Salihoglu] - Fixed the scalastyle errors.
a69a152 [Semih Salihoglu] - Adding collectEdges and pickRandomVertices. - Adding tests for collectEdges. - Refactoring a getCycle utility function for GraphOpsSuite.scala.
41265a6 [Semih Salihoglu] - Adding collectEdges and pickRandomVertex. - Adding tests for collectEdges. - Recycling a getCycle utility test file.

Author: Andrew Ash <andrew@andrewash.com>

Closes #647 from ash211/doc-tuning and squashes the following commits:

b87de0a [Andrew Ash] Include reference to twitter/chill in tuning docs

[SPARK-1108] This allows us to use, e.g. HBase's TableOutputFormat with PairRDDFunctions.saveAsNewAPIHadoopFile, which otherwise would throw NullPointerException because the output table name hasn't been configured.

Note this bug also affects branch-0.9

Author: Bryn Keller <bryn.keller@intel.com>

Closes #638 from xoltar/SPARK-1108 and squashes the following commits:

7e94e7d [Bryn Keller] Import, comment, and format cleanup per code review
7cbcaa1 [Bryn Keller] For outputformats that are Configurable, call setConf before sending data to them. This allows us to use, e.g. HBase TableOutputFormat, which otherwise would throw NullPointerException because the output table name hasn't been configured

SPARK-1124: Fix infinite retries of reduce stage when a map stage failed

In the previous code, if you had a failing map stage and then tried to run reduce stages on it repeatedly, the first reduce stage would fail correctly, but the later ones would mistakenly believe that all map outputs are available and start failing infinitely with fetch failures from "null". See https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1124 for an example.

This PR also cleans up code style slightly where there was a variable named "s" and some weird map manipulation.

our stage instead of using our shuffleID.

In the previous code, if you had a failing map stage and then tried to
run reduce stages on it repeatedly, the first reduce stage would fail
correctly, but the later ones would mistakenly believe that all map
outputs are available and start failing infinitely with fetch failures
from "null".

Prompted by a recent thread on the mailing list, I tried and failed to see if Spark can be made independent of log4j. There are a few cases where control of the underlying logging is pretty useful, and to do that, you have to bind to a specific logger.

Instead I propose some tidying that leaves Spark's use of log4j, but gets rid of warnings and should still enable downstream users to switch. The idea is to pipe everything (except log4j) through SLF4J, and have Spark use SLF4J directly when logging, and where Spark needs to output info (REPL and tests), bind from SLF4J to log4j.

This leaves the same behavior in Spark. It means that downstream users who want to use something except log4j should:

- Exclude dependencies on log4j, slf4j-log4j12 from Spark
- Include dependency on log4j-over-slf4j
- Include dependency on another logger X, and another slf4j-X
- Recreate any log config that Spark does, that is needed, in the other logger's config

That sounds about right.

Here are the key changes:

- Include the jcl-over-slf4j shim everywhere by depending on it in core.
- Exclude dependencies on commons-logging from third-party libraries.
- Include the jul-to-slf4j shim everywhere by depending on it in core.
- Exclude slf4j-* dependencies from third-party libraries to prevent collision or warnings
- Added missing slf4j-log4j12 binding to GraphX, Bagel module tests

And minor/incidental changes:

- Update to SLF4J 1.7.5, which happily matches Hadoop 2’s version and is a recommended update over 1.7.2
- (Remove a duplicate HBase dependency declaration in SparkBuild.scala)
- (Remove a duplicate mockito dependency declaration that was causing warnings and bugging me)

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #570 from srowen/SPARK-1071 and squashes the following commits:

52eac9f [Sean Owen] Add slf4j-over-log4j12 dependency to core (non-test) and remove it from things that depend on core.
77a7fa9 [Sean Owen] SPARK-1071: Tidy logging strategy and use of log4j

the lines in start-master.sh and start-slave.sh no longer work

in ec2, the host name has changed, e.g.

ubuntu@ip-172-31-36-93:~$ hostname
ip-172-31-36-93

also, the URL to fetch public DNS name also changed, e.g.

ubuntu@ip-172-31-36-93:~$ wget -q -O - http://instance-data.ec2.internal/latest/meta-data/public-hostname
ubuntu@ip-172-31-36-93:~$  (returns nothing)

since we have spark-ec2 project, we don't need to have such ec2-specific lines here, instead, user only need to set in spark-env.sh

Author: CodingCat <zhunansjtu@gmail.com>

Closes #588 from CodingCat/deadcode_in_sbin and squashes the following commits:

e4236e0 [CodingCat] remove dead code in start script, remind user set that in spark-env.sh

These classes can't be migrated:
  StorageLevels: impossible to create static fields in Scala
  JavaSparkContextVarargsWorkaround: incompatible varargs
  JavaAPISuite: should test Java APIs in pure Java (for sanity)

Author: Punya Biswal <pbiswal@palantir.com>

Closes #605 from punya/move-java-sources and squashes the following commits:

25b00b2 [Punya Biswal] Remove redundant type param; reformat
853da46 [Punya Biswal] Use factory method rather than constructor
e5d53d9 [Punya Biswal] Migrate Java code to Scala or move it to src/main/java

As reported in https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1055

"The used Spark version in the .../base/Dockerfile is stale on 0.8.1 and should be updated to 0.9.x to match the release."

Author: CodingCat <zhunansjtu@gmail.com>
Author: Nan Zhu <CodingCat@users.noreply.github.com>

Closes #634 from CodingCat/SPARK-1055 and squashes the following commits:

cb7330e [Nan Zhu] Update Dockerfile
adf8259 [CodingCat] fix the SCALA_VERSION and SPARK_VERSION in docker file

Updated doctests for mapValues and flatMapValues in rdd.py

Author: jyotiska <jyotiska123@gmail.com>

Closes #621 from jyotiska/python_spark and squashes the following commits:

716f7cd [jyotiska] doctest updated for mapValues, flatMapValues in rdd.py

Fixed minor typo in worker.py

Author: jyotiska <jyotiska123@gmail.com>

Closes #630 from jyotiska/pyspark_code and squashes the following commits:

ee44201 [jyotiska] typo fixed in worker.py

The current doc hints spark doesn't support accumulators of type `Long`, which is wrong.

JIRA: https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1117

Author: Xiangrui Meng <meng@databricks.com>

Closes #631 from mengxr/acc and squashes the following commits:

45ecd25 [Xiangrui Meng] update accumulator docs

The original poster of this bug is @guojc, who opened a PR that preceded this one at https://github.com/apache/incubator-spark/pull/612.

ExternalAppendOnlyMap uses key hash code to order the buffer streams from which spilled files are read back into memory. When a buffer stream is empty, the default hash code for that stream is equal to Int.MaxValue. This is, however, a perfectly legitimate candidate for a key hash code. When reading from a spilled map containing such a key, a hash collision may occur, in which case we attempt to read from an empty stream and throw NoSuchElementException.

The fix is to maintain the invariant that empty buffer streams are never added back to the merge queue to be considered. This guarantees that we never read from an empty buffer stream, ever again.

This PR also includes two new tests for hash collisions.

Author: Andrew Or <andrewor14@gmail.com>

Closes #624 from andrewor14/spilling-bug and squashes the following commits:

9e7263d [Andrew Or] Slightly optimize next()
2037ae2 [Andrew Or] Move a few comments around...
cf95942 [Andrew Or] Remove default value of Int.MaxValue for minKeyHash
c11f03b [Andrew Or] Fix Int.MaxValue hash collision bug in ExternalAppendOnlyMap
21c1a39 [Andrew Or] Add hash collision tests to ExternalAppendOnlyMapSuite

There's a step in implicit ALS where the matrix `Yt * Y` is computed. It's computed as the sum of matrices; an f x f matrix is created for each of n user/item rows in a partition. In `ALS.scala:214`:

```
        factors.flatMapValues{ case factorArray =>
          factorArray.map{ vector =>
            val x = new DoubleMatrix(vector)
            x.mmul(x.transpose())
          }
        }.reduceByKeyLocally((a, b) => a.addi(b))
         .values
         .reduce((a, b) => a.addi(b))
```

Completely correct, but there's a subtle but quite large memory problem here. map() is going to create all of these matrices in memory at once, when they don't need to ever all exist at the same time.
For example, if a partition has n = 100000 rows, and f = 200, then this intermediate product requires 32GB of heap. The computation will never work unless you can cough up workers with (more than) that much heap.

Fortunately there's a trivial change that fixes it; just add `.view` in there.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #629 from srowen/ALSMatrixAllocationOptimization and squashes the following commits:

062cda9 [Sean Owen] Update style per review comments
e9a5d63 [Sean Owen] Avoid unnecessary out of memory situation by not simultaneously allocating lots of matrices

Fixes an error where HDFS URL's cause an exception. Should be merged into master and 0.9.

Author: Patrick Wendell <pwendell@gmail.com>

Closes #625 from pwendell/url-validation and squashes the following commits:

d14bfe3 [Patrick Wendell] SPARK-1111: URL Validation Throws Error for HDFS URL's

Patch to allow PySpark to use existing JVM and Gateway. Changes to PySpark implementation of SparkConf to take existing SparkConf JVM handle. Change to PySpark SparkContext to allow subclass specific context initialization.

Author: Ahir Reddy <ahirreddy@gmail.com>

Closes #622 from ahirreddy/pyspark-existing-jvm and squashes the following commits:

a86f457 [Ahir Reddy] Patch to allow PySpark to use existing JVM and Gateway. Changes to PySpark implementation of SparkConf to take existing SparkConf JVM handle. Change to PySpark SparkContext to allow subclass specific context initialization.

We changed the behavior in 0.9.0 from requiring that mergeCombiners be null when mapSideCombine was false to requiring that mergeCombiners *never* be null, for external sorting. This patch adds a require() to make this behavior change explicitly messaged rather than resulting in a NPE.

Author: Aaron Davidson <aaron@databricks.com>

Closes #623 from aarondav/master and squashes the following commits:

520b80c [Aaron Davidson] Super minor: Add require for mergeCombiners in combineByKey

I'm back with another less trivial suggestion for ALS:

In ALS for implicit feedback, input values are treated as weights on squared-errors in a loss function (or rather, the weight is a simple function of the input r, like c = 1 + alpha*r). The paper on which it's based assumes that the input is positive. Indeed, if the input is negative, it will create a negative weight on squared-errors, which causes things to go haywire. The optimization will try to make the error in a cell as large possible, and the result is silently bogus.

There is a good use case for negative input values though. Implicit feedback is usually collected from signals of positive interaction like a view or like or buy, but equally, can come from "not interested" signals. The natural representation is negative values.

The algorithm can be extended quite simply to provide a sound interpretation of these values: negative values should encourage the factorization to come up with 0 for cells with large negative input values, just as much as positive values encourage it to come up with 1.

The implications for the algorithm are simple:
* the confidence function value must not be negative, and so can become 1 + alpha*|r|
* the matrix P should have a value 1 where the input R is _positive_, not merely where it is non-zero. Actually, that's what the paper already says, it's just that we can't assume P = 1 when a cell in R is specified anymore, since it may be negative

This in turn entails just a few lines of code change in `ALS.scala`:
* `rs(i)` becomes `abs(rs(i))`
* When constructing `userXy(us(i))`, it's implicitly only adding where P is 1. That had been true for any us(i) that is iterated over, before, since these are exactly the ones for which P is 1. But now P is zero where rs(i) <= 0, and should not be added

I think it's a safe change because:
* It doesn't change any existing behavior (unless you're using negative values, in which case results are already borked)
* It's the simplest direct extension of the paper's algorithm
* (I've used it to good effect in production FWIW)

Tests included.

I tweaked minor things en route:
* `ALS.scala` javadoc writes "R = Xt*Y" when the paper and rest of code defines it as "R = X*Yt"
* RMSE in the ALS tests uses a confidence-weighted mean, but the denominator is not actually sum of weights

Excuse my Scala style; I'm sure it needs tweaks.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #500 from srowen/ALSNegativeImplicitInput and squashes the following commits:

cf902a9 [Sean Owen] Support negative implicit input in ALS
953be1c [Sean Owen] Make weighted RMSE in ALS test actually weighted; adjust comment about R = X*Yt

url of "Collaborative Filtering for Implicit Feedback Datasets"  is invalid now. A new url is provided. http://research.yahoo.com/files/HuKorenVolinsky-ICDM08.pdf

Author: Chen Chao <crazyjvm@gmail.com>

Closes #619 from CrazyJvm/master and squashes the following commits:

a0b54e4 [Chen Chao] change url to IEEE
9e0e9f0 [Chen Chao] correct spell mistale
fcfab5d [Chen Chao] wrap line to to fit within 100 chars
590d56e [Chen Chao] url error

https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1105

fix site scala version error

Author: CodingCat <zhunansjtu@gmail.com>

Closes #618 from CodingCat/doc_version and squashes the following commits:

39bb8aa [CodingCat] more fixes
65bedb0 [CodingCat] fix site scala version error in doc

I launched an EC2 cluster without providing a key name and an identity file. The error showed up after two minutes. It would be good to check those options before launch, given the fact that EC2 billing rounds up to hours.

JIRA: https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1106

Author: Xiangrui Meng <meng@databricks.com>

Closes #617 from mengxr/ec2 and squashes the following commits:

2dfb316 [Xiangrui Meng] check key name and identity file before launch a cluster

This reverts commit d99773d5.

https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1105

fix site scala version error

Author: CodingCat <zhunansjtu@gmail.com>

Closes #616 from CodingCat/doc_version and squashes the following commits:

eafd99a [CodingCat] fix site scala version error in doc

Optimized imports and arranged according to scala style guide @
https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/SPARK/Spark+Code+Style+Guide#SparkCodeStyleGuide-Imports

Author: NirmalReddy <nirmal.reddy@imaginea.com>
Author: NirmalReddy <nirmal_reddy2000@yahoo.com>

Closes #613 from NirmalReddy/opt-imports and squashes the following commits:

578b4f5 [NirmalReddy] imported java.lang.Double as JDouble
a2cbcc5 [NirmalReddy] addressed the comments
776d664 [NirmalReddy] Optimized imports in core

Our usage of fake ClassTags in this manner is probably not healthy, but I'm not sure if there's a better solution available, so I just cleaned up and documented the current one.

Author: Aaron Davidson <aaron@databricks.com>

Closes #604 from aarondav/master and squashes the following commits:

b398e89 [Aaron Davidson] SPARK-1098: Minor cleanup of ClassTag usage in Java API

https://spark-project.atlassian.net/browse/SPARK-1090

spark-shell should print help information about parameters and should allow user to configure exe memory
there is no document about hot to set --cores/-c in spark-shell

and also

users should be able to set executor memory through command line options

In this PR I also check the format of the options passed by the user

Author: CodingCat <zhunansjtu@gmail.com>

Closes #599 from CodingCat/spark_shell_improve and squashes the following commits:

de5aa38 [CodingCat] add parameter to set driver memory
915cbf8 [CodingCat] improvement on spark_shell (help information, configure memory)

Author: Andrew Or <andrewor14@gmail.com>

Closes #536 from andrewor14/streaming-typos and squashes the following commits:

a05faa6 [Andrew Or] Fix broken link and wording
bc2e4bc [Andrew Or] Merge github.com:apache/incubator-spark into streaming-typos
d5515b4 [Andrew Or] TD's comments
767ef12 [Andrew Or] Fix broken links
8f4c731 [Andrew Or] Fix typos in programming guide