**What changes were proposed in this pull request?**

Use Hadoop 2.6.5 for the Hadoop 2.6 profile, I see a bunch of fixes including security ones in the release notes that we should pick up

**How was this patch tested?**

Running the unit tests now with IBM's SDK for Java and let's see what happens with OpenJDK in the community builder - expecting no trouble as it is only a minor release.

Author: Adam Roberts <aroberts@uk.ibm.com>

Closes #16616 from a-roberts/Hadoop265Bumper.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Refactored script to remove duplications and clearer purpose for each script

## How was this patch tested?

manually

Author: Felix Cheung <felixcheung_m@hotmail.com>

Closes #16249 from felixcheung/rscripts.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Upgrade Netty to `4.0.43.Final` to add the fix for https://github.com/netty/netty/issues/6153

## How was this patch tested?

Jenkins

Author: Shixiong Zhu <shixiong@databricks.com>

Closes #16568 from zsxwing/SPARK-18971.

[SPARK-19221][PROJECT INFRA][R] Add winutils binaries to the path in AppVeyor tests for Hadoop libraries to call native codes properly

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

It seems Hadoop libraries need winutils binaries for native libraries in the path.

It is not a problem in tests for now because we are only testing SparkR on Windows via AppVeyor but it can be a problem if we run Scala tests via AppVeyor as below:

```
 - SPARK-18220: read Hive orc table with varchar column *** FAILED *** (3 seconds, 937 milliseconds)
   org.apache.spark.sql.execution.QueryExecutionException: FAILED: Execution Error, return code -101 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.mr.MapRedTask. org.apache.hadoop.io.nativeio.NativeIO$Windows.access0(Ljava/lang/String;I)Z
   at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.HiveClientImpl$$anonfun$runHive$1.apply(HiveClientImpl.scala:625)
   at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.HiveClientImpl$$anonfun$runHive$1.apply(HiveClientImpl.scala:609)
   at org.apache.spark.sql.hive.client.HiveClientImpl$$anonfun$withHiveState$1.apply(HiveClientImpl.scala:283)
   ...
```

This PR proposes to add it to the `Path` for AppVeyor tests.

## How was this patch tested?

Manually via AppVeyor.

**Before**
https://ci.appveyor.com/project/spark-test/spark/build/549-windows-complete/job/gc8a1pjua2bc4i8m

**After**
https://ci.appveyor.com/project/spark-test/spark/build/572-windows-complete/job/c4vrysr5uvj2hgu7

Author: hyukjinkwon <gurwls223@gmail.com>

Closes #16584 from HyukjinKwon/set-path-appveyor.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Updates to libthrift 0.9.3 to address a CVE.

## How was this patch tested?

Existing tests.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #16530 from srowen/SPARK-18997.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR proposes to check pep8 against all other Python scripts and fix the errors as below:

```bash
./dev/create-release/generate-contributors.py
./dev/create-release/releaseutils.py
./dev/create-release/translate-contributors.py
./dev/lint-python
./python/docs/epytext.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/decision_tree_classification_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/decision_tree_regression_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/gradient_boosting_classification_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/gradient_boosting_regression_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/linear_regression_with_sgd_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/logistic_regression_with_lbfgs_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/naive_bayes_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/random_forest_classification_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/random_forest_regression_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/mllib/svm_with_sgd_example.py
./examples/src/main/python/streaming/network_wordjoinsentiments.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/cat.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/cat_error.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/doubleescapedtab.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/dumpdata_script.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/escapedcarriagereturn.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/escapednewline.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/escapedtab.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/input20_script.py
./sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/newline.py
```

## How was this patch tested?

- `./python/docs/epytext.py`

  ```bash
  cd ./python/docs $$ make html
  ```

- pep8 check (Python 2.7 / Python 3.3.6)

  ```
  ./dev/lint-python
  ```

- `./dev/merge_spark_pr.py` (Python 2.7 only / Python 3.3.6 not working)

  ```bash
  python -m doctest -v ./dev/merge_spark_pr.py
  ```

- `./dev/create-release/releaseutils.py` `./dev/create-release/generate-contributors.py` `./dev/create-release/translate-contributors.py` (Python 2.7 only / Python 3.3.6 not working)

  ```bash
  python generate-contributors.py
  python translate-contributors.py
  ```

- Examples (Python 2.7 / Python 3.3.6)

  ```bash
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/decision_tree_classification_example.py
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/decision_tree_regression_example.py
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/gradient_boosting_classification_example.py
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/gradient_boosting_regression_example.p
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/random_forest_classification_example.py
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/random_forest_regression_example.py
  ```

- Examples (Python 2.7 only / Python 3.3.6 not working)
  ```
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/linear_regression_with_sgd_example.py
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/logistic_regression_with_lbfgs_example.py
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/naive_bayes_example.py
  ./bin/spark-submit examples/src/main/python/mllib/svm_with_sgd_example.py
  ```

- `sql/hive/src/test/resources/data/scripts/*.py` (Python 2.7 / Python 3.3.6 within suggested changes)

  Manually tested only changed ones.

- `./dev/github_jira_sync.py` (Python 2.7 only / Python 3.3.6 not working)

  Manually tested this after disabling actually adding comments and links.

And also via Jenkins tests.

Author: hyukjinkwon <gurwls223@gmail.com>

Closes #16405 from HyukjinKwon/minor-pep8.

Update known_translations for contributor names and also fix a small issue in translate-contributors.py

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR updates dev/create-release/known_translations to add more contributor name mapping. It also fixes a small issue in translate-contributors.py

## How was this patch tested?
manually tested

Author: Yin Huai <yhuai@databricks.com>

Closes #16423 from yhuai/contributors.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

make-distribution.sh should find JAVA_HOME for Ubuntu, Mac and other non-RHEL systems

## How was this patch tested?

Manually

Author: Felix Cheung <felixcheung_m@hotmail.com>

Closes #16363 from felixcheung/buildjava.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

When KafkaSource fails on Kafka errors, we should create a new consumer to retry rather than using the existing broken one because it's possible that the broken one will fail again.

This PR also assigns a new group id to the new created consumer for a possible race condition:  the broken consumer cannot talk with the Kafka cluster in `close` but the new consumer can talk to Kafka cluster. I'm not sure if this will happen or not. Just for safety to avoid that the Kafka cluster thinks there are two consumers with the same group id in a short time window. (Note: CachedKafkaConsumer doesn't need this fix since `assign` never uses the group id.)

## How was this patch tested?

In https://amplab.cs.berkeley.edu/jenkins/job/SparkPullRequestBuilder/70370/console , it ran this flaky test 120 times and all passed.

Author: Shixiong Zhu <shixiong@databricks.com>

Closes #16282 from zsxwing/kafka-fix.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
I recently hit a bug of com.thoughtworks.paranamer/paranamer, which causes jackson fail to handle byte array defined in a case class. Then I find https://github.com/FasterXML/jackson-module-scala/issues/48, which suggests that it is caused by a bug in paranamer. Let's upgrade paranamer. Since we are using jackson 2.6.5 and jackson-module-paranamer 2.6.5 use com.thoughtworks.paranamer/paranamer 2.6, I suggests that we upgrade paranamer to 2.6.

Author: Yin Huai <yhuai@databricks.com>

Closes #16359 from yhuai/SPARK-18951.

Follow up to https://github.com/apache/spark/commit/ae853e8f3bdbd16427e6f1ffade4f63abaf74abb as `mv` throws an error on the Jenkins machines if source and destinations are the same.

Author: Shivaram Venkataraman <shivaram@cs.berkeley.edu>

Closes #16302 from shivaram/sparkr-no-mv-fix.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

For release builds the R_PACKAGE_VERSION and VERSION are the same (e.g., 2.1.0). Thus `cp` throws an error which causes the build to fail.

## How was this patch tested?

Manually by executing the following script
```
set -o pipefail
set -e
set -x

touch a

R_PACKAGE_VERSION=2.1.0
VERSION=2.1.0

if [ "$R_PACKAGE_VERSION" != "$VERSION" ]; then
  cp a a
fi
```

Author: Shivaram Venkataraman <shivaram@cs.berkeley.edu>

Closes #16299 from shivaram/sparkr-cp-fix.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Currently, the full console output page of a Spark Jenkins PR build can be as large as several megabytes. It takes a relatively long time to load and may even freeze the browser for quite a while.

This PR makes the build script to post the test report page link to GitHub instead. The test report page is way more concise and is usually the first page I'd like to check when investigating a Jenkins build failure.

Note that for builds that a test report is not available (ongoing builds and builds that fail before test execution), the test report link automatically redirects to the build page.

## How was this patch tested?

N/A.

Author: Cheng Lian <lian@databricks.com>

Closes #16163 from liancheng/jenkins-test-report.

Fix SparkR package copy regex. The existing code leads to
```
Copying release tarballs to /home/****/public_html/spark-nightly/spark-branch-2.1-bin/spark-2.1.1-SNAPSHOT-2016_12_08_22_38-e8f351f9-bin
mput: SparkR-*: no files found
```

Author: Shivaram Venkataraman <shivaram@cs.berkeley.edu>

Closes #16231 from shivaram/typo-sparkr-build.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Copy pyspark and SparkR packages to latest release dir, as per comment [here](https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/16226#discussion_r91664822)

Author: Felix Cheung <felixcheung_m@hotmail.com>

Closes #16227 from felixcheung/pyrftp.

This PR adds a line in release-build.sh to copy the SparkR source archive using LFTP

Author: Shivaram Venkataraman <shivaram@cs.berkeley.edu>

Closes #16226 from shivaram/fix-sparkr-copy-build.

[SPARKR][PYSPARK] Fix R source package name to match Spark version. Remove pip tar.gz from distribution

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Fixes name of R source package so that the `cp` in release-build.sh works correctly.

Issue discussed in https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/16014#issuecomment-265867125

Author: Shivaram Venkataraman <shivaram@cs.berkeley.edu>

Closes #16221 from shivaram/fix-sparkr-release-build-name.

This PR changes the SparkR source release tarball to be built using the Hadoop 2.6 profile. Previously it was using the without hadoop profile which leads to an error as discussed in https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/16014#issuecomment-265843991

Author: Shivaram Venkataraman <shivaram@cs.berkeley.edu>

Closes #16218 from shivaram/fix-sparkr-release-build.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR has 2 key changes. One, we are building source package (aka bundle package) for SparkR which could be released on CRAN. Two, we should include in the official Spark binary distributions SparkR installed from this source package instead (which would have help/vignettes rds needed for those to work when the SparkR package is loaded in R, whereas earlier approach with devtools does not)

But, because of various differences in how R performs different tasks, this PR is a fair bit more complicated. More details below.

This PR also includes a few minor fixes.

### more details

These are the additional steps in make-distribution; please see [here](https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/master/R/CRAN_RELEASE.md) on what's going to a CRAN release, which is now run during make-distribution.sh.
1. package needs to be installed because the first code block in vignettes is `library(SparkR)` without lib path
2. `R CMD build` will build vignettes (this process runs Spark/SparkR code and captures outputs into pdf documentation)
3. `R CMD check` on the source package will install package and build vignettes again (this time from source packaged) - this is a key step required to release R package on CRAN
 (will skip tests here but tests will need to pass for CRAN release process to success - ideally, during release signoff we should install from the R source package and run tests)
4. `R CMD Install` on the source package (this is the only way to generate doc/vignettes rds files correctly, not in step # 1)
 (the output of this step is what we package into Spark dist and sparkr.zip)

Alternatively,
   R CMD build should already be installing the package in a temp directory though it might just be finding this location and set it to lib.loc parameter; another approach is perhaps we could try calling `R CMD INSTALL --build pkg` instead.
 But in any case, despite installing the package multiple times this is relatively fast.
Building vignettes takes a while though.

## How was this patch tested?

Manually, CI.

Author: Felix Cheung <felixcheung_m@hotmail.com>

Closes #16014 from felixcheung/rdist.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

* Moves yarn and mesos scheduler backends to resource-managers/ sub-directory (in preparation for https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-18278)
* Corresponding change in top-level pom.xml.

Ref: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/16061#issuecomment-263649340

## How was this patch tested?

* Manual tests

/cc rxin

Author: Anirudh <ramanathana@google.com>

Closes #16092 from foxish/fix-scheduler-structure-2.

[SPARK-18671][SS][TEST] Added tests to ensure stability of that all Structured Streaming log formats

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

To be able to restart StreamingQueries across Spark version, we have already made the logs (offset log, file source log, file sink log) use json. We should added tests with actual json files in the Spark such that any incompatible changes in reading the logs is immediately caught. This PR add tests for FileStreamSourceLog, FileStreamSinkLog, and OffsetSeqLog.

## How was this patch tested?
new unit tests

Author: Tathagata Das <tathagata.das1565@gmail.com>

Closes #16128 from tdas/SPARK-18671.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Force update to latest Netty 3.9.x, for dependencies like Flume, to resolve two CVEs. 3.9.2 is the first version that resolves both, and, this is the latest in the 3.9.x line.

## How was this patch tested?

Existing tests

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #16102 from srowen/SPARK-18586.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
We current build 5 separate pip binary tar balls, doubling the release script runtime. It'd be better to build one, especially for use cases that are just using Spark locally. In the long run, it would make more sense to have Hadoop support be pluggable.

## How was this patch tested?
N/A - this is a release build script that doesn't have any automated test coverage. We will know if it goes wrong when we prepare releases.

Author: Reynold Xin <rxin@databricks.com>

Closes #16072 from rxin/SPARK-18639.

[SPARK-18602] Set the version of org.codehaus.janino:commons-compiler to 3.0.0 to match the version of org.codehaus.janino:janino

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
org.codehaus.janino:janino depends on org.codehaus.janino:commons-compiler and we have been upgraded to org.codehaus.janino:janino 3.0.0.

However, seems we are still pulling in org.codehaus.janino:commons-compiler 2.7.6 because of calcite. It looks like an accident because we exclude janino from calcite (see here https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/branch-2.1/pom.xml#L1759). So, this PR upgrades org.codehaus.janino:commons-compiler to 3.0.0.

## How was this patch tested?
jenkins

Author: Yin Huai <yhuai@databricks.com>

Closes #16025 from yhuai/janino-commons-compile.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Updates links to the wiki to links to the new location of content on spark.apache.org.

## How was this patch tested?

Doc builds

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #15967 from srowen/SPARK-18073.1.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR aims to provide a pip installable PySpark package. This does a bunch of work to copy the jars over and package them with the Python code (to prevent challenges from trying to use different versions of the Python code with different versions of the JAR). It does not currently publish to PyPI but that is the natural follow up (SPARK-18129).

Done:
- pip installable on conda [manual tested]
- setup.py installed on a non-pip managed system (RHEL) with YARN [manual tested]
- Automated testing of this (virtualenv)
- packaging and signing with release-build*

Possible follow up work:
- release-build update to publish to PyPI (SPARK-18128)
- figure out who owns the pyspark package name on prod PyPI (is it someone with in the project or should we ask PyPI or should we choose a different name to publish with like ApachePySpark?)
- Windows support and or testing ( SPARK-18136 )
- investigate details of wheel caching and see if we can avoid cleaning the wheel cache during our test
- consider how we want to number our dev/snapshot versions

Explicitly out of scope:
- Using pip installed PySpark to start a standalone cluster
- Using pip installed PySpark for non-Python Spark programs

*I've done some work to test release-build locally but as a non-committer I've just done local testing.
## How was this patch tested?

Automated testing with virtualenv, manual testing with conda, a system wide install, and YARN integration.

release-build changes tested locally as a non-committer (no testing of upload artifacts to Apache staging websites)

Author: Holden Karau <holden@us.ibm.com>
Author: Juliet Hougland <juliet@cloudera.com>
Author: Juliet Hougland <not@myemail.com>

Closes #15659 from holdenk/SPARK-1267-pip-install-pyspark.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Small fix, fix the errors caused by lint check in Java

- Clear unused objects and `UnusedImports`.
- Add comments around the method `finalize` of `NioBufferedFileInputStream`to turn off checkstyle.
- Cut the line which is longer than 100 characters into two lines.

## How was this patch tested?
Travis CI.
```
$ build/mvn -T 4 -q -DskipTests -Pyarn -Phadoop-2.3 -Pkinesis-asl -Phive -Phive-thriftserver install
$ dev/lint-java
```
Before:
```
Checkstyle checks failed at following occurrences:
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/network/util/TransportConf.java:[21,8] (imports) UnusedImports: Unused import - org.apache.commons.crypto.cipher.CryptoCipherFactory.
[ERROR] src/test/java/org/apache/spark/network/sasl/SparkSaslSuite.java:[516,5] (modifier) RedundantModifier: Redundant 'public' modifier.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/io/NioBufferedFileInputStream.java:[133] (coding) NoFinalizer: Avoid using finalizer method.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/UnsafeMapData.java:[71] (sizes) LineLength: Line is longer than 100 characters (found 113).
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/UnsafeArrayData.java:[112] (sizes) LineLength: Line is longer than 100 characters (found 110).
[ERROR] src/test/java/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/HiveHasherSuite.java:[31,17] (modifier) ModifierOrder: 'static' modifier out of order with the JLS suggestions.
[ERROR]src/main/java/org/apache/spark/examples/ml/JavaLogisticRegressionWithElasticNetExample.java:[64] (sizes) LineLength: Line is longer than 100 characters (found 103).
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/examples/ml/JavaInteractionExample.java:[22,8] (imports) UnusedImports: Unused import - org.apache.spark.ml.linalg.Vectors.
[ERROR] src/main/java/org/apache/spark/examples/ml/JavaInteractionExample.java:[51] (regexp) RegexpSingleline: No trailing whitespace allowed.
```

After:
```
$ build/mvn -T 4 -q -DskipTests -Pyarn -Phadoop-2.3 -Pkinesis-asl -Phive -Phive-thriftserver install
$ dev/lint-java
Using `mvn` from path: /home/travis/build/ConeyLiu/spark/build/apache-maven-3.3.9/bin/mvn
Checkstyle checks passed.
```

Author: Xianyang Liu <xyliu0530@icloud.com>

Closes #15865 from ConeyLiu/master.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Fix the flags used to specify the hadoop version

## How was this patch tested?

Manually tested as part of https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/15659 by having the build succeed.

cc joshrosen

Author: Holden Karau <holden@us.ibm.com>

Closes #15860 from holdenk/minor-fix-release-build-script.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

One of the important changes for 4.0.42.Final is "Support any FileRegion implementation when using epoll transport netty/netty#5825".
In 4.0.42.Final, `MessageWithHeader` can work properly when `spark.[shuffle|rpc].io.mode` is set to epoll

## How was this patch tested?

Existing tests

Author: Guoqiang Li <witgo@qq.com>

Closes #15830 from witgo/SPARK-18375_netty-4.0.42.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

Try excluding org.json:json from hive-exec dep as it's Cat X now. It may be the case that it's not used by the part of Hive Spark uses anyway.

## How was this patch tested?

Existing tests

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #15798 from srowen/SPARK-18262.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

1) Upgrade the Py4J version on the Java side
2) Update the py4j src zip file we bundle with Spark

## How was this patch tested?

Existing doctests & unit tests pass

Author: Jagadeesan <as2@us.ibm.com>

Closes #15514 from jagadeesanas2/SPARK-17960.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

`SerializationUtils.clone()` of commons-lang3 (<3.5) has a bug that breaks thread safety, which gets stack sometimes caused by race condition of initializing hash map.
See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LANG-1251.

## How was this patch tested?

Existing tests.

Author: Takuya UESHIN <ueshin@happy-camper.st>

Closes #15548 from ueshin/issues/SPARK-17985.

This reverts commit bfe7885a.

The commit caused build failures on Hadoop 2.2 profile:

```
[error] /scratch/rxin/spark/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/util/Utils.scala:1489: value read is not a member of object org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils
[error]       var numBytes = IOUtils.read(gzInputStream, buf)
[error]                              ^
[error] /scratch/rxin/spark/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/util/Utils.scala:1492: value read is not a member of object org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils
[error]         numBytes = IOUtils.read(gzInputStream, buf)
[error]                            ^
```

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

`SerializationUtils.clone()` of commons-lang3 (<3.5) has a bug that breaks thread safety, which gets stack sometimes caused by race condition of initializing hash map.
See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/LANG-1251.

## How was this patch tested?

Existing tests.

Author: Takuya UESHIN <ueshin@happy-camper.st>

Closes #15525 from ueshin/issues/SPARK-17985.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
Upgraded to a newer version of Pyrolite which supports serialization of a BinaryType StructField for PySpark.SQL

## How was this patch tested?
Added a unit test which fails with a raised ValueError when using the previous version of Pyrolite 4.9 and Python3

Author: Bryan Cutler <cutlerb@gmail.com>

Closes #15386 from BryanCutler/pyrolite-upgrade-SPARK-17808.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
We can remove this file based on discussion at https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-17828 it's evident this file has been redundant for a while, JIRA release notes serves this purpose for us already.

For ease of future reference you can find detailed release notes at, for example:

http://spark.apache.org/downloads.html -> http://spark.apache.org/releases/spark-release-2-0-1.html -> "Detailed changes" which links to https://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/ReleaseNote.jspa?projectId=12315420&version=12336857

## How was this patch tested?
Searched the codebase and saw nothing referencing this, hasn't been used in a while (probably manually invoked a long time ago)

Author: Adam Roberts <aroberts@uk.ibm.com>

Closes #15419 from a-roberts/patch-7.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This PR adds the Kafka 0.10 subproject to the build infrastructure. This makes sure Kafka 0.10 tests are only triggers when it or of its dependencies change.

Author: Herman van Hovell <hvanhovell@databricks.com>

Closes #15355 from hvanhovell/SPARK-17782.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR adds a new project ` external/kafka-0-10-sql` for Structured Streaming Kafka source.

It's based on the design doc: https://docs.google.com/document/d/19t2rWe51x7tq2e5AOfrsM9qb8_m7BRuv9fel9i0PqR8/edit?usp=sharing

tdas did most of work and part of them was inspired by koeninger's work.

### Introduction

The Kafka source is a structured streaming data source to poll data from Kafka. The schema of reading data is as follows:

Column | Type
---- | ----
key | binary
value | binary
topic | string
partition | int
offset | long
timestamp | long
timestampType | int

The source can deal with deleting topics. However, the user should make sure there is no Spark job processing the data when deleting a topic.

### Configuration

The user can use `DataStreamReader.option` to set the following configurations.

Kafka Source's options | value | default | meaning
------ | ------- | ------ | -----
startingOffset | ["earliest", "latest"] | "latest" | The start point when a query is started, either "earliest" which is from the earliest offset, or "latest" which is just from the latest offset. Note: This only applies when a new Streaming query is started, and that resuming will always pick up from where the query left off.
failOnDataLost | [true, false] | true | Whether to fail the query when it's possible that data is lost (e.g., topics are deleted, or offsets are out of range). This may be a false alarm. You can disable it when it doesn't work as you expected.
subscribe | A comma-separated list of topics | (none) | The topic list to subscribe. Only one of "subscribe" and "subscribeParttern" options can be specified for Kafka source.
subscribePattern | Java regex string | (none) | The pattern used to subscribe the topic. Only one of "subscribe" and "subscribeParttern" options can be specified for Kafka source.
kafka.consumer.poll.timeoutMs | long | 512 | The timeout in milliseconds to poll data from Kafka in executors
fetchOffset.numRetries | int | 3 | Number of times to retry before giving up fatch Kafka latest offsets.
fetchOffset.retryIntervalMs | long | 10 | milliseconds to wait before retrying to fetch Kafka offsets

Kafka's own configurations can be set via `DataStreamReader.option` with `kafka.` prefix, e.g, `stream.option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", "host:port")`

### Usage

* Subscribe to 1 topic
```Scala
spark
  .readStream
  .format("kafka")
  .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", "host:port")
  .option("subscribe", "topic1")
  .load()
```

* Subscribe to multiple topics
```Scala
spark
  .readStream
  .format("kafka")
  .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", "host:port")
  .option("subscribe", "topic1,topic2")
  .load()
```

* Subscribe to a pattern
```Scala
spark
  .readStream
  .format("kafka")
  .option("kafka.bootstrap.servers", "host:port")
  .option("subscribePattern", "topic.*")
  .load()
```

## How was this patch tested?

The new unit tests.

Author: Shixiong Zhu <shixiong@databricks.com>
Author: Tathagata Das <tathagata.das1565@gmail.com>
Author: Shixiong Zhu <zsxwing@gmail.com>
Author: cody koeninger <cody@koeninger.org>

Closes #15102 from zsxwing/kafka-source.

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR sets the R package version while tagging releases. Note that since R doesn't accept `-SNAPSHOT` in version number field, we remove that while setting the next version

## How was this patch tested?

Tested manually by running locally

Author: Shivaram Venkataraman <shivaram@cs.berkeley.edu>

Closes #15223 from shivaram/sparkr-version-change.

[SPARK-17583][SQL] Remove uesless rowSeparator variable and set auto-expanding buffer as default for maxCharsPerColumn option in CSV

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR includes the changes below:

1. Upgrade Univocity library from 2.1.1 to 2.2.1

  This includes some performance improvement and also enabling auto-extending buffer in `maxCharsPerColumn` option in CSV. Please refer the [release notes](https://github.com/uniVocity/univocity-parsers/releases).

2. Remove useless `rowSeparator` variable existing in `CSVOptions`

  We have this unused variable in [CSVOptions.scala#L127](https://github.com/apache/spark/blob/29952ed096fd2a0a19079933ff691671d6f00835/sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/csv/CSVOptions.scala#L127) but it seems possibly causing confusion that it actually does not care of `\r\n`. For example, we have an issue open about this, [SPARK-17227](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-17227), describing this variable.

  This variable is virtually not being used because we rely on `LineRecordReader` in Hadoop which deals with only both `\n` and `\r\n`.

3. Set the default value of `maxCharsPerColumn` to auto-expending.

  We are setting 1000000 for the length of each column. It'd be more sensible we allow auto-expending rather than fixed length by default.

  To make sure, using `-1` is being described in the release note, [2.2.0](https://github.com/uniVocity/univocity-parsers/releases/tag/v2.2.0).

## How was this patch tested?

N/A

Author: hyukjinkwon <gurwls223@gmail.com>

Closes #15138 from HyukjinKwon/SPARK-17583.