[SPARK-20763][SQL][BACKPORT-2.1] The function of `month` and `day` return the value which is not we expected.

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

This PR is to backport #17997 to Spark 2.1

when the date before "1582-10-04", the function of month and day return the value which is not we expected.
How was this patch tested?

unit tests

Author: liuxian <liu.xian3@zte.com.cn>

Closes #18054 from 10110346/wip-lx-0522.