During regression tests of Spark 1.1 we discovered perf issues with
PVM instances when running PySpark. This reverts a change added in #1156
which changed the default type for m3 instances to PVM.

Author: Patrick Wendell <pwendell@gmail.com>

Closes #2244 from pwendell/ec2-hvm and squashes the following commits:

1342d7e [Patrick Wendell] SPARK-3358: [EC2] Switch back to HVM instances for m3.X.

The function `ensureFreeSpace` in object `ColumnBuilder` clears old buffer before copying its content to new buffer. This PR fixes it.

Author: Liang-Chi Hsieh <viirya@gmail.com>

Closes #2195 from viirya/fix_buffer_clear and squashes the following commits:

792f009 [Liang-Chi Hsieh] no need to call clear(). use flip() instead of calling limit(), position() and rewind().
df2169f [Liang-Chi Hsieh] should clean old buffer after copying its content.

Class names of these two are just too similar.

Author: Cheng Lian <lian.cs.zju@gmail.com>

Closes #2189 from liancheng/column-metrics and squashes the following commits:

8bb3b21 [Cheng Lian] Renamed ColumnStat to ColumnMetrics to avoid confusion between ColumnStats

Author: Takuya UESHIN <ueshin@happy-camper.st>

Closes #2233 from ueshin/issues/SPARK-3341 and squashes the following commits:

e497320 [Takuya UESHIN] Fix data type of Sqrt expression.

If the users set “spark.default.parallelism” and the value is different with the EdgeRDD partition number, GraphX jobs will throw:
java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Can't zip RDDs with unequal numbers of partitions

Author: luluorta <luluorta@gmail.com>

Closes #1763 from luluorta/fix-graph-zip and squashes the following commits:

8338961 [luluorta] fix GraphX EdgeRDD zipPartitions

- Include kinesis in the unidocs
- Hide non-public classes from docs

Author: Tathagata Das <tathagata.das1565@gmail.com>

Closes #2239 from tdas/kinesis-doc-fix and squashes the following commits:

156e20c [Tathagata Das] More fixes, based on PR comments.
e9a6c01 [Tathagata Das] Fixed docs related to kinesis

minor fix
detail is here: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-2981

Author: Larry Xiao <xiaodi@sjtu.edu.cn>

Closes #1902 from larryxiao/2981 and squashes the following commits:

88059a2 [Larry Xiao] [SPARK-2981][GraphX] EdgePartition1D Int overflow

[SPARK-3123][GraphX]: override the "setName" function to set EdgeRDD's name manually just as VertexRDD does.

Author: uncleGen <hustyugm@gmail.com>

Closes #2033 from uncleGen/master_origin and squashes the following commits:

801994b [uncleGen] Update EdgeRDD.scala

to support ~/spark/bin/run-example GraphXAnalytics triangles
/soc-LiveJournal1.txt --numEPart=256

Author: Larry Xiao <xiaodi@sjtu.edu.cn>

Closes #1766 from larryxiao/1986 and squashes the following commits:

bb77cd9 [Larry Xiao] [SPARK-1986][GraphX]move lib.Analytics to org.apache.spark.examples

Directory path for dependencies jar and resources in Tachyon 0.5.0 has been changed.

Author: Prudhvi Krishna <prudhvi953@gmail.com>

Closes #2228 from prudhvije/SPARK-3328/make-dist-fix and squashes the following commits:

d1d2c22 [Prudhvi Krishna] SPARK-3328 fixed make-distribution script --with-tachyon option.

RDD.countApproxDistinct(relativeSD=0.05):

        :: Experimental ::
        Return approximate number of distinct elements in the RDD.

        The algorithm used is based on streamlib's implementation of
        "HyperLogLog in Practice: Algorithmic Engineering of a State
        of The Art Cardinality Estimation Algorithm", available
        <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2452376.2452456">here</a>.

        This support all the types of objects, which is supported by
        Pyrolite, nearly all builtin types.

        param relativeSD Relative accuracy. Smaller values create
                           counters that require more space.
                           It must be greater than 0.000017.

        >>> n = sc.parallelize(range(1000)).map(str).countApproxDistinct()
        >>> 950 < n < 1050
        True
        >>> n = sc.parallelize([i % 20 for i in range(1000)]).countApproxDistinct()
        >>> 18 < n < 22
        True

Author: Davies Liu <davies.liu@gmail.com>

Closes #2142 from davies/countApproxDistinct and squashes the following commits:

e20da47 [Davies Liu] remove the correction in Python
c38c4e4 [Davies Liu] fix doc tests
2ab157c [Davies Liu] fix doc tests
9d2565f [Davies Liu] add commments and link for hash collision correction
d306492 [Davies Liu] change range of hash of tuple to [0, maxint]
ded624f [Davies Liu] calculate hash in Python
4cba98f [Davies Liu] add more tests
a85a8c6 [Davies Liu] Merge branch 'master' into countApproxDistinct
e97e342 [Davies Liu] add countApproxDistinct()

...job fails while reading from Hadoop

Author: Sandy Ryza <sandy@cloudera.com>

Closes #1956 from sryza/sandy-spark-3052 and squashes the following commits:

815813a [Sandy Ryza] SPARK-3052. Misleading and spurious FileSystem closed errors whenever a job fails while reading from Hadoop

Missing import. Oops.

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #2236 from vanzin/SPARK-3347 and squashes the following commits:

594fc39 [Marcelo Vanzin] [SPARK-3347] [yarn] Fix yarn-alpha compilation.

We were trying to add `file:/C:/path/to/my.jar` to the class path. We should add `C:/path/to/my.jar` instead. Tested on Windows 8.1.

Author: Andrew Or <andrewor14@gmail.com>

Closes #2211 from andrewor14/windows-shell-jars and squashes the following commits:

262c6a2 [Andrew Or] Oops... Add the new code to the correct place
0d5a0c1 [Andrew Or] Format jar path only for adding to shell classpath
42bd626 [Andrew Or] Remove unnecessary code
0049f1b [Andrew Or] Remove embarrassing log messages
b1755a0 [Andrew Or] Format jar paths properly before adding them to the classpath

The Maven build was failing on Windows because it tried to call the unix `unzip` utility to extract the Py4J files into core's build directory.  I've fixed this issue by using the `maven-antrun-plugin` to perform the unzipping.

I also fixed an issue that prevented tests from running under Windows:

In the Maven ScalaTest plugin, the filename listed in <filereports> is placed under the <reportsDirectory>; the current code places it in a subdirectory of reportsDirectory, e.g.

```
${project.build.directory}/surefire-reports/${project.build.directory}/SparkTestSuite.txt
```

This caused problems under Windows because it would try to create a subdirectory named "c:\\".

Note that the tests still fail under Windows (for other reasons); this PR just allows them to run and fail rather than crash when trying to create the test reports directory.

Author: Josh Rosen <joshrosen@apache.org>
Author: Josh Rosen <rosenville@gmail.com>
Author: Josh Rosen <joshrosen@databricks.com>

Closes #2165 from JoshRosen/windows-support and squashes the following commits:

651d210 [Josh Rosen] Unzip to python/build instead of core/build
fbf3e61 [Josh Rosen] 4 spaces -> 2 spaces
e347668 [Josh Rosen] Fix Maven scalatest filereports path:
4994af1 [Josh Rosen] [SPARK-3061] Use maven-antrun-plugin to unzip Py4J.

PEP8 tests run on files under "./python", but unzipped py4j code is found at "./python/build/py4j". Py4J code fails style checks and can fail ./dev/run-tests if this code is present locally.

Author: Sean Owen <sowen@cloudera.com>

Closes #2222 from srowen/SPARK-3331 and squashes the following commits:

34711ec [Sean Owen] Restrict lint check to pyspark/, since the local directory can contain unzipped py4j code in build/py4j

Kill this bug fast before it does damage.

Author: Reza Zadeh <rizlar@gmail.com>

Closes #2224 from rezazadeh/indexrmbug and squashes the following commits:

53386d6 [Reza Zadeh] Squash bug in IndexedRowMatrix

This PR adds the async actions to the Java API. User can call these async actions to get the FutureAction and use JobWaiter (for SimpleFutureAction) to retrieve job Id.

Author: lirui <rui.li@intel.com>

Closes #2176 from lirui-intel/SPARK-2636 and squashes the following commits:

ccaafb7 [lirui] SPARK-2636: fix java doc
5536d55 [lirui] SPARK-2636: mark the async API as experimental
e2e01d5 [lirui] SPARK-2636: add mima exclude
0ca320d [lirui] SPARK-2636: fix method name & javadoc
3fa39f7 [lirui] SPARK-2636: refine the patch
af4f5d9 [lirui] SPARK-2636: remove unused imports
843276c [lirui] SPARK-2636: only keep foreachAsync in the java API
fbf5744 [lirui] SPARK-2636: add more async actions for java api
1b25abc [lirui] SPARK-2636: expose some fields in JobWaiter
d09f732 [lirui] SPARK-2636: fix build
eb1ee79 [lirui] SPARK-2636: change some parameters in SimpleFutureAction to member field
6e2b87b [lirui] SPARK-2636: add java API for async actions

On `m3.2xlarge` instances the 2x80GB SSDs are inaccessible if not added to the block device mapping when the instance is created. They work when added with this patch. I have not tested this with other instance types, and I do not know much about this script and EC2 deployment in general. Maybe this code needs to depend on the instance type.

The requirement for this mapping is described in the AWS docs at:
http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/InstanceStorage.html#InstanceStore_UsageScenarios

"For M3 instances, you must specify instance store volumes in the block
device mapping for the instance. When you launch an M3 instance, we
ignore any instance store volumes specified in the block device mapping
for the AMI."

Author: Daniel Darabos <darabos.daniel@gmail.com>

Closes #2081 from darabos/patch-1 and squashes the following commits:

1ceb2c8 [Daniel Darabos] Use %d string interpolation instead of {}.
a1854d7 [Daniel Darabos] Only specify ephemeral device mapping for M3.
e0d9e37 [Daniel Darabos] Create ephemeral device mapping based on get_num_disks().
6b116a6 [Daniel Darabos] Add SSDs to block device mapping

This also enables supporting broadcast variables larger than 2G.

Author: Reynold Xin <rxin@apache.org>

Closes #2054 from rxin/ByteArrayChunkOutputStream and squashes the following commits:

618d9c8 [Reynold Xin] Code review.
93f5a51 [Reynold Xin] Added comments.
ee88e73 [Reynold Xin] to -> until
bbd1cb1 [Reynold Xin] Renamed a variable.
36f4d01 [Reynold Xin] Sort imports.
8f1a8eb [Reynold Xin] [SPARK-3135] Created ByteArrayChunkOutputStream and used it to avoid memory copy in TorrentBroadcast.

This commit exists to close the following pull requests on Github:

Closes #1696 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #1384 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #845 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #81 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #1528 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #1018 (close requested by 'pwendell')

https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-3010

this pr is to fix redundant conditional in spark, such as
1.
private[spark] def codegenEnabled: Boolean =
if (getConf(CODEGEN_ENABLED, "false") == "true") true else false
2.
x => if (x == 2) true else false
...

Author: scwf <wangfei1@huawei.com>
Author: wangfei <wangfei_hello@126.com>

Closes #1992 from scwf/condition and squashes the following commits:

b2a044a [scwf] merge SecurityManager
e16239c [scwf] fix confilct
6811401 [scwf] fix merge confilct
0824df4 [scwf] Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/apache/spark into patch-4
e274515 [scwf] fix redundant conditions
d032bf9 [wangfei] [SQL]Excess judgment

Look only at code files (`.py`, `.java`, and `.scala`) for new classes.

Should get rid of false alarms like [the one reported here](https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/2014#issuecomment-52912040).

Author: Nicholas Chammas <nicholas.chammas@gmail.com>

Closes #2184 from nchammas/jenkins-ignore-noncode and squashes the following commits:

33786ac [Nicholas Chammas] break up long line
3f91a14 [Nicholas Chammas] rename array of source files
8b82a26 [Nicholas Chammas] [Spark QA] only check code files for new classes

This commit exists to close the following pull requests on Github:

Closes #1922 (close requested by 'JoshRosen')
Closes #1356 (close requested by 'pwendell')
Closes #1698 (close requested by 'mengxr')
Closes #254 (close requested by 'mateiz')
Closes #2135 (close requested by 'andrewor14')

Rather than specifying the path to SparkFiles we need to use the filename.

Author: Holden Karau <holden@pigscanfly.ca>

Closes #2210 from holdenk/SPARK-3318-documentation-for-addfiles-should-say-to-use-file-not-path and squashes the following commits:

a25d27a [Holden Karau] Update the JavaSparkContext addFile method to be clear about using fileName with SparkFiles as well
0ebcb05 [Holden Karau] Documentation update in addFile on how to use SparkFiles.get to specify filename rather than path

Different places in the code were instantiating Configuration / YarnConfiguration objects in different ways. This could lead to confusion for people who actually expected "spark.hadoop.*" options to end up in the configs used by Spark code, since that would only happen for the SparkContext's config.

This change modifies most places to use SparkHadoopUtil to initialize configs, and make that method do the translation that previously was only done inside SparkContext.

The places that were not changed fall in one of the following categories:
- Test code where this doesn't really matter
- Places deep in the code where plumbing SparkConf would be too difficult for very little gain
- Default values for arguments - since the caller can provide their own config in that case

Author: Marcelo Vanzin <vanzin@cloudera.com>

Closes #1843 from vanzin/SPARK-2889 and squashes the following commits:

52daf35 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-2889
f179013 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-2889
51e71cf [Marcelo Vanzin] Add test to ensure that overriding Yarn configs works.
53f9506 [Marcelo Vanzin] Add DeveloperApi annotation.
3d345cb [Marcelo Vanzin] Restore old method for backwards compat.
fc45067 [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-2889
0ac3fdf [Marcelo Vanzin] Merge branch 'master' into SPARK-2889
3f26760 [Marcelo Vanzin] Compilation fix.
f16cadd [Marcelo Vanzin] Initialize config in SparkHadoopUtil.
b8ab173 [Marcelo Vanzin] Update Utils API to take a Configuration argument.
1e7003f [Marcelo Vanzin] Replace explicit Configuration instantiation with SparkHadoopUtil.

Closes #1824

By Hiding the shuffleblockmanager behind Shufflemanager, we decouple the shuffle data's block mapping management work from Diskblockmananger. This give a more clear interface and more easy for other shuffle manager to implement their own block management logic. the jira ticket have more details.

Author: Raymond Liu <raymond.liu@intel.com>

Closes #1241 from colorant/shuffle and squashes the following commits:

0e01ae3 [Raymond Liu] Move ShuffleBlockmanager behind shuffleManager

Author: Kousuke Saruta <sarutak@oss.nttdata.co.jp>

Closes #2200 from sarutak/SPARK-3305 and squashes the following commits:

3cbd6ee [Kousuke Saruta] Removed unused import from classes related to UI

[SPARK-3320][SQL] Made batched in-memory column buffer building work for SchemaRDDs with empty partitions

Author: Cheng Lian <lian.cs.zju@gmail.com>

Closes #2213 from liancheng/spark-3320 and squashes the following commits:

45a0139 [Cheng Lian] Fixed typo in InMemoryColumnarQuerySuite
f67067d [Cheng Lian] Fixed SPARK-3320

[SPARK-3296][mllib] spark-example should be run-example in head notation of DenseKMeans and SparseNaiveBayes

`./bin/spark-example`  should be `./bin/run-example` in DenseKMeans and SparseNaiveBayes

Author: wangfei <wangfei_hello@126.com>

Closes #2193 from scwf/run-example and squashes the following commits:

207eb3a [wangfei] spark-example should be run-example
27a8999 [wangfei] ./bin/spark-example should be ./bin/run-example

If you have a table with TIMESTAMP column, that column can't be used in WHERE clause properly - it is not evaluated properly. [More](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-3173)

Motivation: http://www.aproint.com/aggregation-with-spark-sql/

- [x] modify SqlParser so it supports casting to TIMESTAMP (workaround for item 2)
- [x] the string literal should be converted into Timestamp if the column is Timestamp.

Author: Zdenek Farana <zdenek.farana@gmail.com>
Author: Zdenek Farana <zdenek.farana@aproint.com>

Closes #2084 from byF/SPARK-3173 and squashes the following commits:

442b59d [Zdenek Farana] Fixed test merge conflict
2dbf4f6 [Zdenek Farana] Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/SPARK-3173' into SPARK-3173
65b6215 [Zdenek Farana] Fixed timezone sensitivity in the test
47b27b4 [Zdenek Farana] Now works in the case of "StringLiteral=TimestampColumn"
96a661b [Zdenek Farana] Code style change
491dfcf [Zdenek Farana] Added test cases for SPARK-3173
4446b1e [Zdenek Farana] A string literal is casted into Timestamp when the column is Timestamp.
59af397 [Zdenek Farana] Added a new TIMESTAMP keyword; CAST to TIMESTAMP now can be used in SQL expression.

":" is not allowed to appear in a file name of Windows system. If file name contains ":", this file can't be checked out in a Windows system and developers using Windows must be careful to not commit the deletion of such files, Which is very inconvenient.

Author: qiping.lqp <qiping.lqp@alibaba-inc.com>

Closes #2191 from chouqin/querytest and squashes the following commits:

0e943a1 [qiping.lqp] rename golden file
60a863f [qiping.lqp] TestcaseName in createQueryTest should not contain ":"

When a large batch size is specified, `SparkSQLOperationManager` OOMs even if the whole result set is much smaller than the batch size.

Author: Cheng Lian <lian.cs.zju@gmail.com>

Closes #2171 from liancheng/jdbc-fetch-size and squashes the following commits:

5e1623b [Cheng Lian] Decreases initial buffer size for row set to prevent OOM

`HiveCompatibilitySuite` already turns on in-memory columnar caching, it would be good to also enable compression to improve test coverage.

Author: Cheng Lian <lian.cs.zju@gmail.com>

Closes #2190 from liancheng/compression-on and squashes the following commits:

88b536c [Cheng Lian] Code cleanup, narrowed field visibility
d13efd2 [Cheng Lian] Turns on in-memory columnar compression in HiveCompatibilitySuite

Thus id property of the TreeNode API does save time in a faster way to compare 2 TreeNodes, it is kind of performance bottleneck during the expression object creation in a multi-threading env (because of the memory barrier).
Fortunately, the tree node comparison only happen once in master, so even we remove it, the entire performance will not be affected.

Author: Cheng Hao <hao.cheng@intel.com>

Closes #2155 from chenghao-intel/treenode and squashes the following commits:

7cf2cd2 [Cheng Hao] Remove the implicit keyword for TreeNodeRef and some other small issues
5873415 [Cheng Hao] Remove the TreeNode.id

[SPARK-3234][Build] Fixed environment variables that rely on deprecated command line options in make-distribution.sh

Please refer to [SPARK-3234](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-3234) for details.

Author: Cheng Lian <lian.cs.zju@gmail.com>

Closes #2208 from liancheng/spark-3234 and squashes the following commits:

fb26de8 [Cheng Lian] Fixed SPARK-3234

This PR adds a native implementation for SQL SQRT() and thus avoids delegating this function to Hive.

Author: William Benton <willb@redhat.com>

Closes #1750 from willb/spark-2813 and squashes the following commits:

22c8a79 [William Benton] Fixed missed newline from rebase
d673861 [William Benton] Added string coercions for SQRT and associated test case
e125df4 [William Benton] Added ExpressionEvaluationSuite test cases for SQRT
7b84bcd [William Benton] SQL SQRT now properly returns NULL for NULL inputs
8256971 [William Benton] added SQRT test to SqlQuerySuite
504d2e5 [William Benton] Added native SQRT implementation

As [reported on the dev list](http://apache-spark-developers-list.1001551.n3.nabble.com/VOTE-Release-Apache-Spark-1-1-0-RC2-tp8107p8131.html):
* Code fencing with triple-backticks doesn’t seem to work like it does on GitHub. Newlines are lost. Instead, use 4-space indent to format small code blocks.
* Nested bullets need 2 leading spaces, not 1.
* Spellcheck!

Author: Nicholas Chammas <nicholas.chammas@gmail.com>
Author: nchammas <nicholas.chammas@gmail.com>

Closes #2201 from nchammas/sql-doc-fixes and squashes the following commits:

873f889 [Nicholas Chammas] [Docs] fix skip-api flag
5195e0c [Nicholas Chammas] [Docs] SQL doc formatting and typo fixes
3b26c8d [nchammas] [Spark QA] Link to console output on test time out