[SPARK-13309][SQL] Fix type inference issue with CSV data

Fix type inference issue for sparse CSV data - https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-13309

Author: Rahul Tanwani <rahul@Rahuls-MacBook-Pro.local>

Closes #11194 from tanwanirahul/master.

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/csv/CSVInferSchema.scala

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ import org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.HiveTypeCoercion
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
 
-
 private[csv] object CSVInferSchema {
 
   /**
@@ -48,7 +47,11 @@ private[csv] object CSVInferSchema {
       tokenRdd.aggregate(startType)(inferRowType(nullValue), mergeRowTypes)
 
     val structFields = header.zip(rootTypes).map { case (thisHeader, rootType) =>
-      StructField(thisHeader, rootType, nullable = true)
+      val dType = rootType match {
+        case _: NullType => StringType
+        case other => other
+      }
+      StructField(thisHeader, dType, nullable = true)
     }
 
     StructType(structFields)
@@ -65,12 +68,8 @@ private[csv] object CSVInferSchema {
   }
 
   def mergeRowTypes(first: Array[DataType], second: Array[DataType]): Array[DataType] = {
-    first.zipAll(second, NullType, NullType).map { case ((a, b)) =>
-      val tpe = findTightestCommonType(a, b).getOrElse(StringType)
-      tpe match {
-        case _: NullType => StringType
-        case other => other
-      }
+    first.zipAll(second, NullType, NullType).map { case (a, b) =>
+      findTightestCommonType(a, b).getOrElse(NullType)
     }
   }
 
@@ -140,6 +139,8 @@ private[csv] object CSVInferSchema {
     case (t1, t2) if t1 == t2 => Some(t1)
     case (NullType, t1) => Some(t1)
     case (t1, NullType) => Some(t1)
+    case (StringType, t2) => Some(StringType)
+    case (t1, StringType) => Some(StringType)
 
     // Promote numeric types to the highest of the two and all numeric types to unlimited decimal
     case (t1, t2) if Seq(t1, t2).forall(numericPrecedence.contains) =>
@@ -150,7 +151,6 @@ private[csv] object CSVInferSchema {
   }
 }
 
-
 private[csv] object CSVTypeCast {
 
   /**

sql/core/src/test/resources/simple_sparse.csv

+A,B,C,D
+1,,,
+,1,,
+,,1,
+,,,1

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/csv/CSVInferSchemaSuite.scala

@@ -68,4 +68,9 @@ class InferSchemaSuite extends SparkFunSuite {
     assert(CSVInferSchema.inferField(DoubleType, "\\N", "\\N") == DoubleType)
     assert(CSVInferSchema.inferField(TimestampType, "\\N", "\\N") == TimestampType)
   }
+
+  test("Merging Nulltypes should yeild Nulltype.") {
+    val mergedNullTypes = CSVInferSchema.mergeRowTypes(Array(NullType), Array(NullType))
+    assert(mergedNullTypes.deep == Array(NullType).deep)
+  }
 }

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/datasources/csv/CSVSuite.scala

@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ class CSVSuite extends QueryTest with SharedSQLContext with SQLTestUtils {
   private val emptyFile = "empty.csv"
   private val commentsFile = "comments.csv"
   private val disableCommentsFile = "disable_comments.csv"
+  private val simpleSparseFile = "simple_sparse.csv"
 
   private def testFile(fileName: String): String = {
     Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader.getResource(fileName).toString
@@ -233,7 +234,6 @@ class CSVSuite extends QueryTest with SharedSQLContext with SQLTestUtils {
     assert(result.schema.fieldNames.size === 1)
   }
 
-
   test("DDL test with empty file") {
     sqlContext.sql(s"""
            |CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE carsTable
@@ -396,4 +396,16 @@ class CSVSuite extends QueryTest with SharedSQLContext with SQLTestUtils {
       verifyCars(carsCopy, withHeader = true)
     }
   }
+
+  test("Schema inference correctly identifies the datatype when data is sparse.") {
+    val df = sqlContext.read
+      .format("csv")
+      .option("header", "true")
+      .option("inferSchema", "true")
+      .load(testFile(simpleSparseFile))
+
+    assert(
+      df.schema.fields.map(field => field.dataType).deep ==
+      Array(IntegerType, IntegerType, IntegerType, IntegerType).deep)
+  }
 }