[SPARK-18197][CORE] Optimise AppendOnlyMap implementation

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?
This improvement works by using the fastest comparison test first and we observed a 1% throughput performance improvement on PageRank (HiBench large profile) with this change.

We used tprof and before the change in AppendOnlyMap.changeValue (where the optimisation occurs) this method was being used for 8053 profiling ticks representing 0.72% of the overall application time.

After this change we observed this method only occurring for 2786 ticks and for 0.25% of the overall time.

## How was this patch tested?
Existing unit tests and for performance we used HiBench large, profiling with tprof and IBM Healthcenter.

Author: Adam Roberts <aroberts@uk.ibm.com>

Closes #15714 from a-roberts/patch-9.

(cherry picked from commit a42d738c)
Signed-off-by: Reynold Xin <rxin@databricks.com>