[SPARK-11051][CORE] Do not allow local checkpointing after the RDD is materialized and checkpointed

JIRA: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-11051

When a `RDD` is materialized and checkpointed, its partitions and dependencies are cleared. If we allow local checkpointing on it and assign `LocalRDDCheckpointData` to its `checkpointData`. Next time when the RDD is materialized again, the error will be thrown.

Author: Liang-Chi Hsieh <viirya@appier.com>

Closes #9072 from viirya/no-localcheckpoint-after-checkpoint.