[SPARK-16415][SQL] fix catalog string error

## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

In #13537 we truncate `simpleString` if it is a long `StructType`. But sometimes we need `catalogString` to reconstruct `TypeInfo`, for example in description of [SPARK-16415 ](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-16415). So we need to keep the implementation of `catalogString` not affected by our truncate.

## How was this patch tested?

added a test case.

Author: Daoyuan Wang <daoyuan.wang@intel.com>

Closes #14089 from adrian-wang/catalogstring.

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/types/StructType.scala

@@ -333,6 +333,12 @@ case class StructType(fields: Array[StructField]) extends DataType with Seq[Stru
     Utils.truncatedString(fieldTypes, "struct<", ",", ">")
   }
 
+  override def catalogString: String = {
+    // in catalogString, we should not truncate
+    val fieldTypes = fields.map(field => s"${field.name}:${field.dataType.catalogString}")
+    s"struct<${fieldTypes.mkString(",")}>"
+  }
+
   override def sql: String = {
     val fieldTypes = fields.map(f => s"${quoteIdentifier(f.name)}: ${f.dataType.sql}")
     s"STRUCT<${fieldTypes.mkString(", ")}>"

sql/hive/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/HiveMetastoreCatalogSuite.scala

@@ -26,15 +26,15 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.parser.CatalystSqlParser
 import org.apache.spark.sql.hive.test.TestHiveSingleton
 import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.test.{ExamplePointUDT, SQLTestUtils}
-import org.apache.spark.sql.types.{DecimalType, StringType, StructType}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.{DecimalType, StringType, StructField, StructType}
 
 class HiveMetastoreCatalogSuite extends TestHiveSingleton {
   import spark.implicits._
 
   test("struct field should accept underscore in sub-column name") {
     val hiveTypeStr = "struct<a: int, b_1: string, c: string>"
-    val dateType = CatalystSqlParser.parseDataType(hiveTypeStr)
-    assert(dateType.isInstanceOf[StructType])
+    val dataType = CatalystSqlParser.parseDataType(hiveTypeStr)
+    assert(dataType.isInstanceOf[StructType])
   }
 
   test("udt to metastore type conversion") {
@@ -49,6 +49,14 @@ class HiveMetastoreCatalogSuite extends TestHiveSingleton {
     logInfo(df.queryExecution.toString)
     df.as('a).join(df.as('b), $"a.key" === $"b.key")
   }
+
+  test("should not truncate struct type catalog string") {
+    def field(n: Int): StructField = {
+      StructField("col" + n, StringType)
+    }
+    val dataType = StructType((1 to 100).map(field))
+    assert(CatalystSqlParser.parseDataType(dataType.catalogString) == dataType)
+  }
 }
 
 class DataSourceWithHiveMetastoreCatalogSuite