[SPARK-17992][SQL] Return all partitions from HiveShim when Hive throws a...

[SPARK-17992][SQL] Return all partitions from HiveShim when Hive throws a metastore exception when attempting to fetch partitions by filter

(Link to Jira issue: https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/SPARK-17992)
## What changes were proposed in this pull request?

We recently added table partition pruning for partitioned Hive tables converted to using `TableFileCatalog`. When the Hive configuration option `hive.metastore.try.direct.sql` is set to `false`, Hive will throw an exception for unsupported filter expressions. For example, attempting to filter on an integer partition column will throw a `org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.MetaException`.

I discovered this behavior because VideoAmp uses the CDH version of Hive with a Postgresql metastore DB. In this configuration, CDH sets `hive.metastore.try.direct.sql` to `false` by default, and queries that filter on a non-string partition column will fail.

Rather than throw an exception in query planning, this patch catches this exception, logs a warning and returns all table partitions instead. Clients of this method are already expected to handle the possibility that the filters will not be honored.
## How was this patch tested?

A unit test was added.

Author: Michael Allman <michael@videoamp.com>

Closes #15673 from mallman/spark-17992-catch_hive_partition_filter_exception.